TY  - JOUR
U1  - Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
A1  - Haghi, Mostafa
A1  - Gaiduk, Maksym
A1  - Stoffers, Marvin
A1  - TaheriNejad, Nima
A1  - Penzel, Thomas
A1  - Martínez Madrid, Natividad
A1  - Seepold, Ralf
T1  - Evolution of Bed-Based Sensor Technology in Unobtrusive Sleep Monitoring: A Review
JF  - IEEE Sensors Journal
N2  - With the emergence of new sensor technologies, such as fiber optic sensors (FOSs), compared to traditional mechanical sensors, unobtrusive sleep monitoring has been a research focus for decades. This work aims to provide a guide to current bed-based sensor technologies with diverse applications in various settings. We conducted a retrospective literature review, summarizing the state-of-the-art research over the past decade on non-contact bed-based sensor technology in sleep monitoring. We developed a three-category terminology: unobtrusive sensor technology, application, and subject. A total of 263 unique articles were acquired from three databases and screened for relevance, resulting in 21 papers selected for in-depth analysis. The findings revealed eight types of sensors: six mechanical sensors (pressure, accelerometer, piezoelectric, load cell, electromechanical film (EMFI), and hydraulic) and two FOSs (fiber Bragg grating and microbend FOS) that are integrated with or positioned under the bed at three levels of unobtrusiveness. We identified 15 parameters, with heart rate (HR) (14) and respiratory rate (RR) (13) being the most frequently measured. These parameters are generally categorized into three applications: disease-related diagnosis (18), general sleep analysis (9), and general well-being (11). The results indicated that sleep apnea (5) and insomnia (2) were the most frequently detected sleep disorders. Additionally, 59.1% (13) of the systems were tested in a lab environment, with only one undergoing clinical trials. In summary, there is a clear lack of convincing proof of the systems’ effectiveness in continuous in-home sleep monitoring.
KW  - Sleep apnea
KW  - Sensora
KW  - Immune system
KW  - Biomedical monitoring
Y1  - 2024
SN  - 1530-437X
SS  - 1530-437X
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3439743
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3439743
VL  - 24
IS  - 19
SP  - 29545
EP  - 29563
PB  - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
ER  -