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Institute
Border issues continue to be of interest in tourism literature, most significantly that which focusses on cross-border shopping (e.g., currency values, taxation,
security). Borders as destinations are recognized in this area but the notion of shopping as a destination is perhaps less acknowledged. Following a review of the relevant literature, including the presentation of a table summarizing key areas of cross-border tourism research around the world, this paper presents a unique example of a border region with two-way traffic for cross-border shopping tourism: the border between Germany and Switzerland.
The particular case is where two cities meet at the border: Konstanz, Germany and Kreuzlingen, Switzerland. An intercept survey and key informant interviews were conducted in both communities in the spring of 2015. The results indicate high levels of traffic for various products and services. And while residents are generally satisfied with cross-border shopping in their communities, there are emerging issues related to volume and, in particular, too many in Konstanz and not enough in Kreuzlingen.
The paper concludes with a discussion that includes the development of a model cross-border shopping tourism that recognizes the multiple layers in space and destination.
The paper concludes with a proposal to further investigate the particular issues related to the volume on both sides of borders where cross-border shopping is the destination.
A conceptual framework for indigenous ecotourism projects – a case study in Wayanad, Kerala, India
(2020)
This paper analyses indigenous ecotourism in the Indian district of Wayanad, Kerala, using a conceptual framework based on a PATA 2015 study on indigenous tourism that includes the criteria: human rights, participation, business and ecology. Detailed indicator sets for each criterion are applied to a case study of the Priyadarshini Tea Environs with a qualitative research approach addressing stakeholders from the public sector, non-governmental organisations, academia, tour operators and communities including Adivasi and non-Adivasi. In-depth interviews were supported by participant and non-participant observations. The authors adapted this framework to the needs of the case study and consider that this modified version is a useful tool for academics and practitioners wishing to evaluate and develop indigenous ecotourism projects. The results show that the Adivasi involved in the Priyadarshini Tea Environs project benefit from indigenous ecotourism. But they could profit more if they had more involvement in and control of the whole tourism value chain.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine visitor management in the German-Swiss border area of the Lake Constance region. Taking a customer perspective, it determines the requirements for an application with the ability to optimize personal mobility.
Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative study and a survey of focus groups were conducted to identify movement patterns of different types of visitors and their requirements concerning the development of a visitor management application.
Findings – Visitors want an application that provides real-time forecasts of issues such as traffic, parking and queues and, at the same time, enables them to create a personal activity schedule based on this information.
Research limitations/implications – Not every subsample reached a sufficient number of cases to yield representative results.
Practical implications – The results may lead to an optimization and management separation of mobility flows in the research area and be helpful to municipal planners, destination marketing organizations and visitors.
Originality/value – The German border cities of Konstanz, Radolfzell and Singen in the Lake Constance region need improved visitor management, mainly because of a high level of shopping tourism by Swiss visitors to Germany. In the Summer months, Lake Constance is also a popular destination for leisure tourists, which causes overtourism. For the first time, the results of this research presented here offer possible solutions, in particular by showing how a mobile application for visitors could defuse the situation.
The aim of this paper is to portray the risks of climate change for low mountain range tourism and to develop sustainable business models as adaption strategy. A mixed-method-approach is applied combining secondary analysis, a quantitative survey, and qualitative in-depth-interviews in a transdisciplinary setting. Results show, that until now, climate change impacts on the snow situation in the Black Forest – at least above 1,000 m – have been mild and compensated by artificial snowmaking, and up to now have not had measurable effects on tourism demand. In general, the Black Forest appears to be an attractive destination for more reasons than just snow. The climate issue seems to be regarded as a rather incidental occurrence with little importance to current business decisions. However, the authors present adaption strategies as alternatives for snow tourism, e. g. the implementation of hiking hostels, since climate change will make winter tourism in the Black Forest impossible in the long run.
The Black Forest offers renewable energy as a specific tourist destination in the form of bioenergy villages (BEV). Particularly expert tourists tend to visit them. The results of two quantitative surveys on the supply and demand side show that there is, up to now, an untapped potential among experienceoriented
tourists for this type of niche tourism.
Für den deutschen bzw. europäischen Tourismus ist
Indien seit Jahrzehnten eine Destination, die kulturtouristisch,
aber auch zunehmend gesundheitstouristische
interessant ist. Sonderformen wie spiritueller
Tourismus, nachhaltiger Tourismus oder Tanztourismus
(Bollywood-Dance) haben sich in Nischen
etabliert oder beginnen diese zu verlassen. Indien
selbst unternahm mit seiner Kampagne „Incredible
India“ 2002 eine weltweit beachtete, selbstironische
Initiative, sich als „unglaubliche“ Destination in den
Auslandsmärkten zu positionieren. Demgegenüber
steht eine Realität in Indien, die einerseits Massenarmut,
Korruption, Sicherheitsprobleme, Bürokratie
und mangelnde Infrastruktur ebenso vorhält wie eine
beeindruckende Kultur- und Naturlandschaft, gut
ausgebildete englischsprachige Menschen, ethnische
Vielfalt sowie Mystik und Spiritualität. Indien definiert
sich – auch touristisch – durch Extreme (vgl. Freyer &
Thimm 2011: 261).
Während jeder Phase der touristischen Wertschöpfungskette spielen Wahrnehmungsprozesse eine relevante Rolle. Sofern es sich nicht um einen Wiederholungsbesucher handelt, kann der potenzielle Tourist zunächst nur auf das Image, das Fremdbild einer Destination, zurückgreifen, das nicht nur durch Tourismusmarketing, sondern auch durch andere Wahrnehmungsprozesse geformt wurde: immer wenn die Destination Gegenstand in einem Film, einer Nachrichtensendung oder einem Buch ist, trägt dies dazu bei, das Image zu formen. Somit ist nur ein Teil der touristischen Wahrnehmung vor der Reise eine durch Tourismusmarketing gesteuerte. Das Image oder Bild, das ein potenziell Reisender von einer Destination hat, kann somit über Jahre hinweg aufgebaut worden sein, durch Verbindung sämtlicher Eindrücke von ihr, die er im Laufe seines Lebens gesammelt hat. Diese inneren Bilder können individuell abweichen, weisen aber in vielen Fällen kollektive Gemeinsamkeiten auf (z. B. wird Paris mehrheitlich mit Romantik, mit der Südsee das Paradies und Berlin mit Party verbunden). Während und nach der Reise sucht der Tourist die Bestätigung dieser inneren Bilder – sie erweisen sich als persistent auch gegenüber der Realität. Diese Art der touristischen Wahrnehmung wird von Hennig (1997) treffend mit dem Begriff der „Imaginären Geographie“ beschrieben und soll daher zentraler Bezugspunkt dieses Beitrages sein. Angewendet wird dieses Konzept auf das Fallbeispiel Sevilla. Ziele des Beitrages sind daher:
- Aufzeigen des Erklärungspotenzialsdes Konzepts der „Imaginären Geographie“ von Christoph Hennig für touristische Wahrnehmungsprozesse
- Darstellung der Rolle der touristischen Intermediäre klassischer und neuer Reisemedienanhand des Fallbeispiels Sevilla
- Erläuterung des Bezugs der „Imaginäre Geographien“ (und verwandter Ansätze) zur Praxis (hier Fallbeispiel Sevilla)
The Kerala tourism model
(2017)
Sustainable tourism in Kerala is on the rise. Therefore, this South Indian state is assessed according to the sustainable tourism criteria of the Strasdas et al. (2007) framework. Kerala as a state does not qualify as a sustainable tourism destination, although individual success stories at the NGO and government level exist. This conceptual paper delivers a detailed analysis of the three dimensions of sustainability, i.e. ecology, economy and socio-cultural aspects, of the ‘Kerala tourism model’ and discusses the question of whether this model can be transferred to other developing countries. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to find out tourism movement patterns via the tracking of tourists with the help of positioning systems like GPS in the rural area of the Lake Constance destination in Germany. In doing so past, present and future of tourist tracking is illustrated. Design/methodology/approach The tracking is realized via common smartphones extended by an app, with dedicated sensors like position loggers and a survey. The three different approaches are applied in order to compare and cross-check results (triangulation of data and methods). Findings Movement patterns turned out to be diverse and individualistic within the rural destination of Lake Constance and following an ants trail in sub-destinations like the city of Constance. Repeat visitors and first-time visitors alike always visit the bigger cities and main day-trip destinations of the Lake. A possible prediction tool enables new avenues of governing tourism movement patterns. Research limitations/implications The tracking techniques can be developed further into the direction of “quantified self” using gamification in order to make the tracking app even more attractive. Practical implications An algorithm-based prediction tool would offer new perspectives to the management of tourism movements. Social implications Further research is needed to overcome the feeling of invasiveness of the app to allow tracking with that approach. Originality/value This study is original and innovative because of the first-time use of a smartphone app in tourist tracking, the application on a rural destination and the conceptual description of a prediction tool.