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Zusammenfassende Darstellung der Ergebnisse einer empirischen Studie über Friedens- und Postkonfliktarbeit durch kirchliche Akteure in Indonesien ( Maluku) und auf den Philippinen (Mindanao). Auf Basis der Untersuchung ziehen die Autoren Schlussfolgerungen über die praktische Bedeutung kirchlicher Friedensprojekte nach Konflikten
The reliable supply of energy is an essential prerequisite for the economic success of a country. Questions of sustainability and the replacement of import dependencies require new tasks with new approaches. This contribution provides an overview of dependencies using the example of German electrical power grids integrating renewable energies. Aspects of energy trading and grid stability are brought into connection, stock exchange trading, grid codes and volatility of used primary energies are discussed.
We have introduced in this paper new variants of two methods for projecting Supply and Use Tables that are based on a distance minimisation approach (SUT-RAS) and the Leontief model (SUT-EURO). We have also compared them under similar and comparable exogenous information, i.e.: with and without exogenous industry output, and with explicit consideration of taxes less subsidies on products. We have conducted an empirical assessment of all of these methods against a set of annual tables between 2000 and 2005 for Austria, Belgium, Spain and Italy. From the empirical assessment, we obtained three main conclusions: (a) the use of extra information (i.e. industry output) generally improves projected estimates in both methods; (b) whenever industry output is available, the SUT-RAS method should be used and otherwise the SUT-EURO should be used instead; and (c) the total industry output is best estimated by the SUT-EURO method when this is not available.
Business coaching is believed to effectively improve survival and success chances of new technology-based firms (NTBFs). However, not much empirical evidence on the support measure's effectiveness is available. Therefore, a pragmatic two-armed Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) to test the effect of tactical business coaching on NTBF survival capabilities was designed and, for the most part, carried out. However, due to a lower than expected sample size and great attrition between groups, the RCT reveals deviations from the trial design that impede a thorough data assessment. Based on the data given, a first data analysis does not reveal significant differences in survival capability between the two groups. Thus, to provide guidance for future RCTs in business contexts, lessons learned about how to deal with trickle samples and experiment constellations with third parties carrying out the intervention are drawn.
In this paper, multivariate polynomials in the Bernstein basis over a box (tensorial Bernstein representation) are considered. A new matrix method for the computation of the polynomial coefficients with respect to the Bernstein basis, the so-called Bernstein coefficients, is presented and compared with existing methods. Also matrix methods for the calculation of the Bernstein coefficients over subboxes generated by subdivision of the original box are proposed. All the methods solely use matrix operations such as multiplication, transposition and reshaping; some of them rely on the bidiagonal factorization of the lower triangular Pascal matrix or the factorization of this matrix by a Toeplitz matrix. In the case that the coefficients of the polynomial are due to uncertainties and can be represented in the form of intervals it is shown that the developed methods can be extended to compute the set of the Bernstein coefficients of all members of the polynomial family.
Viele touristische Aktivitäten sind mit einem erhöhten Energiebedarf (Strom, Wärme, Kraftstoffe) verbunden, sodass Tourismus nicht losgelöst von der Energiewirtschaft bzw. deren Klimawirksamkeit zu betrachten ist. Das Projekt befasst sich daher mit der Triade Tourismus, Klimawandel und erneuerbare Energienutzung.
Die Veränderungen des Klimas stellen den Tourismus vor neue Herausforderungen. Um diesen Herausforderungen, im Sinne eines nachhaltigen Tourismus gerecht zu werden, kann der Tourismus dem Klimawandel mit Anpassungs- und/oder Vermeidungsstrategien begegnen (vgl. ELSASSER ET AL. 2000). Im Rahmen dieses Projektes werden sowohl mögliche Anpassungs- als auch Vermeidungsstrategien thematisiert. Ein besonderer Fokus wird dabei zum einen auf die Nutzung von erneuerbaren Energien (EE) gelegt. Zum anderen werden die Entwicklungen des Tourismus und die Anpassungen an die Änderungen des Klimas vornehmlich in Bezug auf den Wintertourismus betrachtet. Räumlich konzentriert sich das Projekt auf das Mittelgebirge Schwarzwald.
Border issues continue to be of interest in tourism literature, most significantly that which focusses on cross-border shopping (e.g., currency values, taxation,
security). Borders as destinations are recognized in this area but the notion of shopping as a destination is perhaps less acknowledged. Following a review of the relevant literature, including the presentation of a table summarizing key areas of cross-border tourism research around the world, this paper presents a unique example of a border region with two-way traffic for cross-border shopping tourism: the border between Germany and Switzerland.
The particular case is where two cities meet at the border: Konstanz, Germany and Kreuzlingen, Switzerland. An intercept survey and key informant interviews were conducted in both communities in the spring of 2015. The results indicate high levels of traffic for various products and services. And while residents are generally satisfied with cross-border shopping in their communities, there are emerging issues related to volume and, in particular, too many in Konstanz and not enough in Kreuzlingen.
The paper concludes with a discussion that includes the development of a model cross-border shopping tourism that recognizes the multiple layers in space and destination.
The paper concludes with a proposal to further investigate the particular issues related to the volume on both sides of borders where cross-border shopping is the destination.
Die Bodenseeregion gilt als populäre Freizeit- und Tourismusdestination, mit der ein vielfältiger Naturraum, ein angenehmes Klima sowie eine fruchtbare Landwirtschaft verbunden werden. Der Kulturtourismus ist dabei – je nach Bodenseedestination in unterschiedlich starker Ausprägung – nicht nur ein wichtiger Baustein für die Erweiterung der touristischen Angebotspalette, sondern auch ein wesentlicher Faktor für die Lebensqualität am Bodensee.
Für die Tourismuswirtschaft und insbesondere den Kulturtourismus ist die Inanspruchnahme von Knowhow der Kreativwirtschaft z. B. in Form von Produkten und Dienstleistungen des Presse-, Rundfunk-, Software-, und Werbemarkts unverzichtbar. Die Kreativwirtschaft ist mit Teilmärkten wie der Musikwirtschaft, den darstellenden Künsten oder dem Kunstmarkt ein wichtiger Inhaltslieferant für kulturtouristische Angebote.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine visitor management in the German-Swiss border area of the Lake Constance region. Taking a customer perspective, it determines the requirements for an application with the ability to optimize personal mobility.
Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative study and a survey of focus groups were conducted to identify movement patterns of different types of visitors and their requirements concerning the development of a visitor management application.
Findings – Visitors want an application that provides real-time forecasts of issues such as traffic, parking and queues and, at the same time, enables them to create a personal activity schedule based on this information.
Research limitations/implications – Not every subsample reached a sufficient number of cases to yield representative results.
Practical implications – The results may lead to an optimization and management separation of mobility flows in the research area and be helpful to municipal planners, destination marketing organizations and visitors.
Originality/value – The German border cities of Konstanz, Radolfzell and Singen in the Lake Constance region need improved visitor management, mainly because of a high level of shopping tourism by Swiss visitors to Germany. In the Summer months, Lake Constance is also a popular destination for leisure tourists, which causes overtourism. For the first time, the results of this research presented here offer possible solutions, in particular by showing how a mobile application for visitors could defuse the situation.