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Institute
Cities around the world are facing an increasing number of global and local challenges, such as climate change and scarcity of raw materials. At the same time trends like digitalization, globalization and networking gain in importance. For this reason, cities have started imple-menting smart solutions within the urban structure in order to evolve towards a Smart City. In Botswana, the Maun Science Park is intended to provide a best practice approach for a Bot-swanan Smart City. Since Smart City concepts have to be specifically tailored to local condi-tions, the first main goal of this thesis is to develop a synthesis concept for the Maun Science Park. A key problem in cities is the utilization of space, which is further intensified by increasing urbanization and population growth. Therefore, the second main goal is to develop approaches of (digitally) re-programmable space to use available areas intelligently and optimized.
Within the thesis, human-centered design has been applied as structure-giving methodology. By clarifying relevant Smart City contents, considering reference examples as well as identify-ing local challenges and requirements, an appropriate concept has been developed with hu-man-focus. Furthermore, the methodologies of literature research and expert interviews have been used as input in the individual human-centered design phases. In combination with an innovation funnel, the methodology human-centered design forms the structure of the thesis.
In total, ten main solution areas and 37 sub-segments have been identified for the synthesis concept of Maun Science Park. Additionally, a concept for Smart Buildings has been devel-oped as a part of the synthesis concept and as an essential infrastructure component of the Maun Science Park (three main segments, 16 sub-segments). Based on expert input, a priori-tization has been determined by evaluating the impact and economic affordability of the indi-vidual sub-areas. Moreover, individual key areas have been highlighted by identifying direct interactions between sub-segments and on the basis of expert input – these are particularly related to the segments Smart Data and Smart People. Besides the synthesis concept, ap-proaches of (digitally) re-programmable space have been created. Thereby, ten approaches refer to the conversion, reuse or expansion abilities of space within daily, weekly or life cycle. In addition, the conventional (digitally) re-programmable space idea has been extended by two new considerations – “multi-purpose use of built-up space” and “concept programming in the planning phase”. Finally, within an overall consideration – synthesis concept combined with approaches of (digitally) re-programmable space – the added value of the developed contents has been outlined, positive and negative aspects have been identified within a SWOT analysis and the business model of the Maun Science Park approach has been verified in a Business Model Canvas.
Through explicit elaboration, classification and prioritization of solution areas, the developed concept can serve as a basis for further project steps. Based on the defined requirements of the sub-segments, solutions can be developed with regard to the entire Smart City context.
Lernfabrik
(2016)
Die Einführung von cyberphysischen Systemen in der Fertigung wird die Arbeitsbedingungen und Prozesse genauso wie Geschäftsmodelle stark verändern. In der Praxis kann eine wachsende Diskrepanz zwischen Großunternehmen und KMU beobachtet werden. Genau diese Diskrepanz soll die im Folgenden präsentierte Lernfabrik überbrücken, die Unternehmen eine Plattform zum Probieren bietet, die Möglichkeit zur Ausbildung von Studenten und Mitarbeitern schafft und Beratungsangebote bereithält. Zur Umsetzung wird ein integriertes, offenes und standardisiertes Automatisierungskonzept vorgestellt, das einzelne Geräte, ganze Produktionslinien bis hin zu höheren Automatisierungssystemen umfasst und auch eine Community bereitstellt sowie zur Umsetzung neuer Geschäftsmodelle dient.
Digitization and sustainability are the two big topics of our current time. As the usage of digital products like IoT devices continues to grow, it affects the energy consumption caused by the Internet. At the same time, more and more companies feel the need to become carbon neutral and sustainable. Determining the environmental impact of an IoT device is challenging, as the production of the hardware components should be considered and the electricity consumption of the Internet since this is the primary communication medium of an IoT device. Estimating the electricity consumption of the Internet itself is a complex task. We performed a life cycle assessment (LCA) to determine the environmental impact of an intelligent smoke detector sold in Germany, taking its whole life-cycle from cradle-to-grave into account. We applied the impact assessment method ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint and compared its results with ILCD 2011 Midpoint+ to check the robustness of our results. The LCA results showed that electricity consumption during the use phase is the main contributor to environmental impacts. The mining of coal causes this contribution, which is a part of the German electricity mix. Consequently, the smoke detector mainly contributes to the impact categories of freshwater and marine ecotoxicity, but only marginally to global warming.
Respiratory diseases are leading causes of death and disability in the world. The recent COVID-19 pandemic is also affecting the respiratory system. Detecting and diagnosing respiratory diseases requires both medical professionals and the clinical environment. Most of the techniques used up to date were also invasive or expensive.
Some research groups are developing hardware devices and techniques to make possible a non-invasive or even remote respiratory sound acquisition. These sounds are then processed and analysed for clinical, scientific, or educational purposes.
We present the literature review of non-invasive sound acquisition devices and techniques.
The results are about a huge number of digital tools, like microphones, wearables, or Internet of Thing devices, that can be used in this scope.
Some interesting applications have been found. Some devices make easier the sound acquisition in a clinic environment, but others make possible daily monitoring outside that ambient. We aim to use some of these devices and include the non-invasive recorded respiratory sounds in a Digital Twin system for personalized health.