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Institute
- Fakultät Architektur und Gestaltung (5)
- Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen (24)
- Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (1)
- Fakultät Informatik (9)
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- Institut für Angewandte Forschung - IAF (30)
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„Das Gedächtnis des Sees“
(2016)
Wie können archäologische Forschungsergebnisse einer breiten Öffentlichkeit möglichst eindrücklich und nachvollziehbar vermittelt werden? Am Beispiel der UNESCO-Welterbestätte Pfahlbausiedlung Hornstaad demonstrieren Studierende der Hochschule für Technik, Wirtschaft und Gestaltung Konstanz (HTWG) die Visualisierung komplexer wissenschaftlicher Inhalte mithilfe moderner Virtual-
Reality-Brillen-Technologie (VR-Brillen). Eine dreidimensionale digitale Rekonstruktion der Pfahlbausiedlung und Simulation von Tages- und Jahresverlauf in Verbindung mit der realen Bewegung im Ausstellungsraum ermöglichen dem Betrachter das hautnahe Erleben des Alltags in einer neolithischen Siedlung.
Das Ausstellungsprojekt „Das Gedächtnis des Sees“ wird im Rahmen der Großen Landesaustellung „4000 Jahre Pfahlbauten“ zu sehen sein.
“Crowd contamination”?
(2023)
Misconduct allegations have been found to not only affect the alleged firm but also other, unalleged firms in form of reputational and financial spillover effects. It has remained unexplored, however, how the number of prior allegations against other firms matters for an individual firm currently facing an allegation. Building on behavioral decision theory, we argue that the relationship between allegation prevalence among other firms and investor reaction to a focal allegation is inverted U-shaped. The inverted U-shaped effect is theorized to emerge from the combination of two effects: In the absence of prior allegations against other firms, investors fail to anticipate the focal allegation, and hence react particularly negatively (“anticipation effect”). In the case of many prior allegations against other firms, investors also react particularly negatively because investors perceive the focal allegation as more warranted (“evaluation effect”). The multi-industry, empirical analysis of 8,802 misconduct allegations against US firms between 2007 and 2017 provides support for our predicted, inverted U-shaped effect. Our study complements recent misconduct research on spillover effects by highlighting that not only a current allegation against an individual firm can “contaminate” other, unalleged firms but that also prior allegations against other firms can “contaminate” investor reaction to a focal allegation against an individual firm.
Schreibberater an den Universitäten und Hochschulen und Verfasser von Ratgeberliteratur zum wissenschaftlichen Schreiben haben vermutlich zum überwiegenden Teil einen geistes- und kulturwissenschaftlichen Hintergrund. Die Fachkulturen, in denen sie das Handwerk des Zitierens erlernt haben, sind jedoch grundverschieden von jenen der nicht-textbasierten Wissenschaften: der Ingenieurfächer, der (nicht rein theoretischen) Naturwissenschaften, der Medizin und auch der empirischen Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften und der empirischen Psychologie. Die Unterschiede sind besonders augenfällig bei der Frage nach der Belegpflicht einer übernommenen Information, also bei der jeweiligen Entscheidung darüber, ob eine Quelle angegeben werden muss oder nicht.
Zur Rhetorik der Technik
(2017)
Zitate sind kein Selbstzweck
(2015)
Domain-specific modeling is increasingly adopted by the software development industry. While textual domain-specific languages (DSLs) already have a wide impact, graphical DSLs still need to live up to their full potential. Textual DSLs are usually generated from a grammar or other short textual notations; their development is often cost-efficient. In this paper, we describe an approach to similarly create graphical DSLs from textual notations. The paper describes an approach to generate a graphical node and edge online editor, using a set of carefully designed textual DSLs to fully describe graphical DSLs. Combined with an adequate metamodel, these textual definitions represent the input for a generator that produces a graphical Editor for the web with features such as collaboration, online storage and being always available. The entire project is made available as open source under the name Zeta. This paper focuses on the overall approach and the description of the textual DSLs that can be used to develop graphical modeling languages and editors.
Domain-specific modeling is increasingly adopted in the software development industry. While textual domain-specific languages (DSLs) already have a wide impact, graphical DSLs still need to live up to their full potential. In this paper, we describe an approach to automatically generate a graphical DSL from a set of textual languages. With our approach, node and edge type graphical DSLs can be described using textual models. A set of carefully designed textual DSLs is the input for our generators. The result of the generation is a graphical editor for the intended domain. The development time for a graphical editor is reduced significantly. The whole project is available as open source under the name "Zeta". This publication focuses on the explanation of the textual DSLs for defining a graphical node and edge editor.
Im Investitionsgüterservice ist Wissen längst zu einem zentralen Erfolgshebel geworden, sowohl zur Steigerung der Prozesseffektivität und -effizienz als auch als Fundament für werthaltige Geschäftsmodelle. Das Management Service-relevanten Wissens ist für kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen der Investitionsgüterindustrie jedoch oftmals eine nicht zu unterschätzende Herausforderung, welche weit über IT-technische Aspekte hinausreicht. In dem vom BMBF sowie vom ESF (ko)finanzierten Projekt „SerWiss“ wurde vor diesem Hintergrund ein umfassender Lösungsansatz entwickelt und bei zwei Projektpartnern aus der Investitionsgüterindustrie prototypisch umgesetzt.
In Anlehnung an das Tempcore-Verfahren wurde an wärmebehandeltem Stabstahl das Zugverfestigungsverhalten des Kernes, der Außenhaut sowie dem gesamten Stab experimentell und numerisch ermittelt. Es zeigte sich, dass die Dehnungen am Kern und am äußeren Rand gleich sind und der Einfluss des Kerngefüges entscheidend für den Beginn der Einschnürung in der Außenhaut ist. Eine Verbesserung der Eigenschaften des Kerngefüges kann somit die Bruchempfindlichkeit des gesamten Stabes reduzieren.
This work studies a wind noise reduction approach for communication applications in a car environment. An endfire array consisting of two microphones is considered as a substitute for an ordinary cardioid microphone capsule of the same size. Using the decomposition of the multichannel Wiener filter (MWF), a suitable beamformer and a single-channel post filter are derived. Due to the known array geometry and the location of the speech source, assumptions about the signal properties can be made to simplify the MWF beamformer and to estimate the speech and noise power spectral densities required for the post filter. Even for closely spaced microphones, the different signal properties at the microphones can be exploited to achieve a significant reduction of wind noise. The proposed beamformer approach results in an improved speech signal regarding the signal-to-noise-ratio and keeps the linear speech distortion low. The derived post filter shows equal performance compared to known approaches but reduces the effort for noise estimation.
Wettbewerb und Wagnis
(2015)
Von wegen Bauschutt
(2020)
RC-Betone sind keine Neu-Entwicklungen, aber sie erleben seit circa 15 Jahren in Deutschland eine Renaissance mit Materialzusammensetzungen, die den heutigen Anforderungen an Normalbetone gerecht werden. Es gab immer wieder Abschnitte in der (Bau-)Geschichte, in denen Gebäude aus Ziegelsplitt-Betonen errichtet wurden, wie das Max-Kade-Studentenwohnheim in Stuttgart und das Technische Rathaus in Tübingen. Beide stammen aus der Nachkriegszeit und weisen einen guten Erhaltungszustand auf. Sie sind Beispiele für die Bewährung "historischer" Ziegelsplitt-Betone in der Baupraxis und ihre lange technische Lebensdauer.
Weder für moderne Recycling-Betone gemäß Regelwerk noch für Ziegelsplittbetone der Nachkriegsjahre bestehen prinzipielle Bedenken gegen deren Einsatz oder die Weiternutzung im Hochbau. Die Autoren wünschen sich mehr Akzeptanz und Vertrauen in Recyclingbaustoffe und dass sich für "Vintage" im Baubereich irgendwann ein ähnliches Interesse herausbildet wie für Vintage-Möbel oder Used-Look-Kleidung - und dies nicht nur hinsichtlich der Wiederverwendung gebrauchter Türen und Treppen, sondern auch für mineralische Massenbaustoffe wie Beton. Der Beitrag veranschaulicht anhand erfolgreich realisierter Objektbeispiele, wie Hochhäuser (z.B. das Studentenwohnheim Max-Kade-Haus in Stuttgart, 1953, aus Bauschuttbeton) oder Sakralgebäude (Fatima-Kirche in Kassel aus Sichtbeton mit Ziegelbruch, 60 Jahre alt) sowie auch Verwaltungsbauten (Technisches Rathaus in Tübingen aus den 1950er Jahren) erfolgreich und nachhaltig mit Recyclingmaterialien errichtet wurden.
Die Bauingenieure sind sich ihrer gesellschaftlichen Verantwortung bewusst, finden es jedoch unbefriedigend, dass ihr Anteil an der Baukultur weder ausreichend bekannt ist, noch gebührend gewürdigt wird. Der Beitrag gibt einen kurzen Überblick über diese Thematik und versucht die eigenen Defizite der Ingenieure aufzuspüren, die die Lösung des Problems erschweren. Am Beispiel von Ulrich Fintterwalder wird gezeigt, welche Haltung einer der großen Baumeister des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts zum verantwortlichen und nachhaltigen Bauen, zur Ästhetik und Gestaltung und zur kreativen Zusammenarbeit mit Architekten eingenommen hatte.
Vertrauen durch Integrität
(2021)
In der Diskussion um unternehmerische Verantwortung hat die Frage nach der Reichweite der Unternehmensverantwortung an Intensität zugenommen, getrieben von der Globalisierung und gesellschaftlichen, ökologischen und technologischen Herausforderungen. Für viele gesellschaftliche und ökologische Problemstellungen wird verstärkt auch die Verantwortung von Unternehmen eingefordert, etwa bei der Achtung von Menschenrechten in der Wertschöpfungskette, der Einhaltung von Sozial- und Umweltstandards, beim Thema Nachhaltigkeit und bei der Produktsicherheit. Wie Unternehmen durch Integritäts- und Compliance-Management ihrer Verantwortung gerecht werden können, zeigt der vorliegende Beitrag.
Durch eine Aufweitung des Kristallgitters mittels Niedertemperatur-Eindiffusion von Kohlenstoff und/oder Stickstoffatomen können in der Randzone von nichtrostenden Stählen eine hohe Härte und eine hohe Verschleißbeständigkeit erzeugt werden, ohne dass zusätzliche Legierungselemente verwendet werden müssen. Die metallkundlichen Hintergründe für die Härtung, die Wirkung auf Verschleißvorgänge und mögliche Anwendungsbereiche werden geschildert. Anhand von Reibwerten wird gezeigt, in welcher Weise das Reibungsverhalten bei Schraubverbindungen durch die Behandlung verändert wird. Über Migrationsversuche wird nachgewiesen, dass die Ionenabgabe durch die Oberflächenhärtung nicht erhöht, sondern sogar abgesenkt wird. Neben dem besseren Verschleißschutz und einer höheren Dauerfestigkeit sichert diese Oberflächenbehandlung am nichtrostenden Stahl den Schutz gegen die Kontamination von Pharmaprodukten durch Metallabrieb/-ionen. Tests an oberflächengehärteten Edelstahlproben ergaben weiterhin, dass durch die Oberflächenhärtung die Biokompatibilität des nichtrostenden Edelstahls nicht beeinträchtigt wird.
Schwankende Fahrrinnentiefen stellen eine Herausforderung für die verladende Wirtschaft dar, die auf kostengünstigen Transport von Massengütern per Binnenschiff angewiesen ist. Basierend auf Unternehmensbefragungen wurde ein Modell entwickelt, das nicht nur die Verwundbarkeit von Unternehmen gegenüber schwankenden Fahrrinnentiefen für Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft berechnen kann, sondern auch die positive Wirkung von Anpassungsmaßnahmen. Nachdem in einem früheren Artikel die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels quantifiziert wurden, wird nun hier die Wirksamkeit verschiedener Anpassungsmaßnahmen vergleichend für Unternehmen an Rhein und Elbe vorgestellt.
Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird das grundlegende Vorgehen zur Berechnung der Durchbiegung im gerissenen Zustand inklusive Berücksichtigung von Kriechen und Schwinden vorgestellt. Dabei werden aufbauend auf den Vorgaben des EC2 verschiedene Verfahren mit unterschiedlichen Genauigkeitsniveaus für Balken und einachsig gespannte Platten erläutert. Für einfache Systeme können diese Verfahren auch von Hand durchgeführt werden und bieten dabei ein hohes Maß an Kontrolle über den Rechenablauf. Anschließend wird die Ermittlung der Schwindverformungen genauer betrachtet, welche nur mit hohem Rechenaufwand durchgeführt werden kann. Für eine Auswahl von Systemen können Diagramme mit Multiplikationsfaktoren hergeleitet werden, welche die Berechnung stark vereinfachen. Des Weiteren wird auf die Verformungsberechnung im Zustand II für Plattentragwerke eingegangen. Dabei werden sowohl die Berechnung mit FE‐Plattenprogrammen, welche oftmals entsprechende Funktionen anbieten, als auch vereinfachte manuelle Verfahren vorgestellt. Die Grundlagen der Rissbildung lassen sich von Stabtragwerken auf Platten übertragen, allerdings entstehen dabei neue Fragestellungen, wie beispielsweise zum Vorgehen bei der Steifigkeitsabminderung oder zum Einfluss der Schnittgrößenumlagerung infolge Rissbildung. In diesem Bereich besteht daher noch Forschungsbedarf.
In [Zahn, F., Köber, D., Verfahren zum Erdbebennachweis von durch Stahlbetonwände ausgesteiften Gebäuden mit explizitem Nachweis der Verformungen. Beton- und Stahlbetonbau 110 (2015) Heft 4, S. 293–302] wird ein Bemessungsverfahren für durch Erdbeben beanspruchte Tragwerke vorgestellt, mit dem die explizite Berücksichtigung von torsionsbedingten Verschiebungen möglich ist und bei dem realistische Biegesteifigkeiten für die Wände verwendet werden. Da mit diesem vereinfachten Verfahren mit vertretbarem Aufwand nur der getrennte Tragsicherheitsnachweis für Erdbebenbeanspruchungen in den Gebäudehauptrichtungen möglich ist, wird in diesem Aufsatz der Frage nachgegangen, ob ein Gebäude, für welches der Nachweis in beiden Hauptrichtungen erbracht wird, auch für Erdbebenbeanspruchung unter 45° zu den Hauptrichtungen ausreichende Standsicherheit besitzt. Zu diesem Zwecke werden zwei Beispielgebäude zunächst mit dem in [1] beschriebenen Verfahren auf ihre Standsicherheit in den Hauptrichtungen untersucht und anschließend mit dem Programm ETABS nachgerechnet, und zwar zunächst jeweils in einer Gebäudehauptrichtung und danach für eine Beanspruchung unter 45° zu dieser.
Üblicherweise wird bei der Erdbebenbemessung von durch Stahlbetonwände ausgesteiften Gebäuden entweder die ungerissene Biegesteifigkeit oder ein von dieser durch einen Abminderungsfaktor abgeleiteter Wert zur Berücksichtigung des Zustands II verwendet. Tatsächlich ist die Biegesteifigkeit von Stahlbetonquerschnitten jedoch vom Bewehrungsgrad und von der Normalkraft abhängig. Die Fließverschiebung, bei der sich am Fuß einer Stahlbetonwand ein plastisches Gelenk bildet, ist hingegen fast ausschließlich von ihrer Länge im Grundriss abhängig. Torsionswirkungen infolge Exzentrizität zwischen Massen- und Steifigkeitsmittelpunkt werden üblicherweise durch Vergrößerung der Bemessungskräfte der einzelnen Wände berücksichtigt. Den durch die Torsionswirkung vergrößerten Verschiebungen einzelner Wände wird dabei keine Beachtung geschenkt. Da die durch die Verhaltensbeiwerte der Normen implizit vorausgesetzte ertragbare Verformung des Tragsystems zusätzliche Verschiebungen infolge Torsion nicht explizit berücksichtigt, kann es so unter Umständen wegen Überschreitung der maximal möglichen Verformung einzelner Wände zu einem vorzeitigen Versagen kommen. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird ein quasi-händisches Nachweisverfahren vorgestellt, mit dem die explizite Berücksichtigung von torsionsbedingten Verschiebungen möglich ist und bei dem realistische Biegesteifigkeiten für die Wände verwendet werden.
Sleep disorders can impact daily life, affecting physical, emotional, and cognitive well-being. Due to the time-consuming, highly obtrusive, and expensive nature of using the standard approaches such as polysomnography, it is of great interest to develop a noninvasive and unobtrusive in-home sleep monitoring system that can reliably and accurately measure cardiorespiratory parameters while causing minimal discomfort to the user’s sleep. We developed a low-cost Out of Center Sleep Testing (OCST) system with low complexity to measure cardiorespiratory parameters. We tested and validated two force-sensitive resistor strip sensors under the bed mattress covering the thoracic and abdominal regions. Twenty subjects were recruited, including 12 males and 8 females. The ballistocardiogram signal was processed using the 4th smooth level of the discrete wavelet transform and the 2nd order of the Butterworth bandpass filter to measure the heart rate and respiration rate, respectively. We reached a total error (concerning the reference sensors) of 3.24 beats per minute and 2.32 rates for heart rate and respiration rate, respectively. For males and females, heart rate errors were 3.47 and 2.68, and respiration rate errors were 2.32 and 2.33, respectively. We developed and verified the reliability and applicability of the system. It showed a minor dependency on sleeping positions, one of the major cumbersome sleep measurements. We identified the sensor under the thoracic region as the optimal configuration for cardiorespiratory measurement. Although testing the system with healthy subjects and regular patterns of cardiorespiratory parameters showed promising results, further investigation is required with the bandwidth frequency and validation of the system with larger groups of subjects, including patients.
Although the Hospice Foundation in Constance knew they had a personnel
problem, they were unsure how to begin to fix it. In addition to difficulties in
finding and keeping employees, the Hospice Foundation’s employees were
often on sick leave, adding pressure on remaining staff. Twelve communication
design students in the masters program at the University of Applied
Sciences in Constance (HTWG Konstanz) conducted a study aimed at
identifying the causes for these problems and, more generally, understanding
how the employees work and feel. Even though the methods in this
study are well known, it presents an important prototype for designers and
design researchers because of its success in finding useful insights. It also
serves as a pre-design project briefing for both management and designers.
It demonstrates the usefulness of qualitative methods in providing a deeper
understanding of a complex situation and its usefulness as a strategic tool
and for defining a project’s focus and scope. Ideally, it also provides insights
into health care for the elderly.
Urlaub, Urlaub und kein Ende – Die aktuelle Rechtslage auf Basis der Rechtsprechung von EuGH und BAG
(2023)
Unternehmensethik auf dem Vormarsch: ISO 26000 macht Ethik zur Norm globalen Wirtschaftshandelns
(2011)
Die konsensuell erarbeitete ISO 26000 ist ein Leitfaden zur Umsetzung von gesellschaftlicher Verantwortung. Sie sorgt nicht nur für ein klareres Verständnis des Beitrags, den alle Arten von Organisationen zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung der Gesellschaft leisten können, sondern führt die verschiedenen CSR-Themen zusammen, denen sich alle Organisationen, unabhängig von ihrem Zweck, ihrer Größe oder ihrem Standort heute gegenübersehen. Dabei integriert die ISO 26000 als Produkt eines einzigartigen, weltweiten Normungsprozesses bereits bestehende Normen und CSR-Standards zu einem international akzeptierten Leitfaden.
Der Aufsatz beleuchtet die Entstehungsgeschichte des Leitfadens und seine Inhalte, mit dessen Hilfe Organisationen das Ziel gesellschaftlicher Wohlfahrt verfolgen können und sollen.
Network effects, economies of scale, and lock-in-effects increasingly lead to a concentration of digital resources and capabilities, hindering the free and equitable development of digital entrepreneurship, new skills, and jobs, especially in small communities and their small and medium-sized enterprises (“SMEs”). To ensure the affordability and accessibility of technologies, promote digital entrepreneurship and community well-being, and protect digital rights, we propose data cooperatives as a vehicle for secure, trusted, and sovereign data exchange. In post-pandemic times, community/SME-led cooperatives can play a vital role by ensuring that supply chains to support digital commons are uninterrupted, resilient, and decentralized. Digital commons and data sovereignty provide communities with affordable and easy access to information and the ability to collectively negotiate data-related decisions. Moreover, cooperative commons (a) provide access to the infrastructure that underpins the modern economy, (b) preserve property rights, and (c) ensure that privatization and monopolization do not further erode self-determination, especially in a world increasingly mediated by AI. Thus, governance plays a significant role in accelerating communities’/SMEs’ digital transformation and addressing their challenges. Cooperatives thrive on digital governance and standards such as open trusted application programming interfaces (“APIs”) that increase the efficiency, technological capabilities, and capacities of participants and, most importantly, integrate, enable, and accelerate the digital transformation of SMEs in the overall process. This review article analyses an array of transformative use cases that underline the potential of cooperative data governance. These case studies exemplify how data and platform cooperatives, through their innovative value creation mechanisms, can elevate digital commons and value chains to a new dimension of collaboration, thereby addressing pressing societal issues. Guided by our research aim, we propose a policy framework that supports the practical implementation of digital federation platforms and data cooperatives. This policy blueprint intends to facilitate sustainable development in both the Global South and North, fostering equitable and inclusive data governance strategies.
As organizations struggle to cope with digital transformation in
an innovation environment, partnerships between startups and established
companies have become increasingly important. Building upon years of
practical experience and empirical research, we present advantages,
obstacles, and the keys to successful corporate-startup collaboration.
Die Bedeutung immaterieller Rechtsgüter nimmt in der Unternehmensrealität ständig zu. Dieser Bedeutungszuwachs hat einen festen betriebswirtschaftlichen Hintergrund: Zunehmend bestimmen nicht mehr Sachanlagevermögen, Geschäftsbeziehungen oder die Mitarbeiter den Unternehmenswert, sondern überwiegend das Intellectual Property (kurz auch: IP).1 Der Begriff Intellectual Property meint im Folgenden das durch Schutzrechte kodifizierte Wissen, also Patente, Gebrauchsmuster, Marken, Geschmacksmuster und sonstige Schutzrechte (gewerbliche Schutzrechte) sowie Urheberrechte. Diese Schutzrechte vermitteln absolute Verwertungsrechte und damit Monopolrechte, die es den Inhabern ermöglicht, das geschützte IP für eine bestimmte Schutzdauer allein und unter Ausschluss unbefugter Dritter zu verwerten.
Auch die Bedeutung von IT nimmt in der Unternehmenspraxis ständig zu.
Das Software-Engineering sollte nicht nur über das Aufzählen von Aktivitäten charakterisiert, sondern zusätzlich auch über grundsätzliche Probleme motiviert werden. Die Beschäftigung mit dem Warum des Software-Engineerings erhält so mehr Gewicht gegenüber dem Wie. Mit der Betonung des Problembewusstseins nährt man auch weniger das Missverständnis, das Software-Engineering diene hauptsächlich der Disziplinierung von Software- Entwicklern. Es geht eben nicht in erster Linie darum, sich in ein Vorgehensmodell einzufügen und eine Aktivität nach der anderen regelkonform mit den vorgesehenen Werkzeugen abzuarbeiten. Vielmehr sind Spürsinn, Kreativität und Urteilsvermögen gefragt. Denn die genannten grundsätzlichen Probleme sind zwar in jedem Projekt allgegenwärtig, aber trotzdem nicht unbedingt auf den ersten Blick erkennbar, und sie müssen mangels echter Lösungen immer neu mit angemessenen Kompromissen bewältigt werden. Dabei ist Nützlichkeit der Maßstab, nicht Wahrheit. Das alles ist herausfordernd und Herausforderungen machen Spaß.
Ulrich Finsterwalder
(2017)
This paper examines the interdependencies of tourism, Buddhism and sustainability combining in-depth-interviews with Buddhism experts and non-participant observation in a mixed-method approach. The area under investigation is the Alpine region of Austria, Germany and Switzerland, since it is home to Asian and Western forms of Buddhism tourism alike. Results show that Buddhism tourism as a value-based activity on the one hand is not commercial, but since demand is rising, on the other hand tendencies towards more commercial forms can be observed. As a modest form of activity Buddhism tourism does not shape the landscape of the Alpine area and by its nature it incorporates sustainability.
The problem of vessel collisions or near-collision situations on sea, often caused by human error due to incomplete or overwhelming information, is becoming more and more important with rising maritime traffic. Approaches to supply navigators and Vessel Traffic Services with expert knowledge and suggest trajectories for all vessels to avoid collisions, are often aimed at situations where a single planner guides all vessels with perfect information. In contrast, we suggest a two-part procedure which plans trajectories using a specialised A* and negotiates trajectories until a solution is found, which is acceptable for all vessels. The solution obeys collision avoidance rules, includes a dynamic model of all vessels and negotiates trajectories to optimise globally without a global planner and extensive information disclosure. The procedure combines all components necessary to solve a multi-vessel encounter and is tested currently in simulation and on several test beds. The first results show a fast converging optimisation process which after a few negotiation rounds already produce feasible, collision free trajectories.
We call for a paradigm shift in engineering education. We are entering the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (“4IR”), accelerated by Artificial Intelligence (“AI”). Disruptive changes affect all industrial sectors and society, leading to increased uncertainty that makes it impossible to predict what lies ahead. Therefore, gradual cultural change in education is no longer an option to ease social pain. The vast majority of engineering education and training systems, which have remained largely static and underinvested for decades, are inadequate for the emerging 4IR and AI labour markets. Nevertheless, some positive developments can be observed in the reorientation of the engineering education sector. Novel approaches to engineering education are already providing distinctive, technology-enhanced, personalised, student-centred curriculum experiences within an integrated and unified education system. We need to educate engineering students for a future whose key characteristics are volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (“VUCA”). Talent and skills gaps are expected to increase in all industries in the coming years. The authors argue for an engineering curriculum that combines timeless didactic traditions such as Socratic inquiry, mastery-based and project-based learning and first-principles thinking with novel elements, e.g., student-centred active and e-learning with a focus on case studies, as well as visualization/metaverse and gamification elements discussed in this paper, and a refocusing of engineering skills and knowledge enhanced by AI on human qualities such as creativity, empathy and dexterity. These skills strengthen engineering students’ perceptions of the world and the decisions they make as a result. This 4IR engineering curriculum will prepare engineering students to become curious engineers and excellent collaborators who navigate increasingly complex multistakeholder ecosystems.
A growing share of modern trade policy instruments is shaped by non-tariff barriers (NTBs). Based on a structural gravity equation and the recently updated Global Trade Alert database, we empirically investigate the effect of NTBs on imports. Our analysis reveals that the implementation of NTBs reduces imports of affected products by up to 12%. Their trade dampening effect is thus comparable to that of trade defence instruments such as anti-dumping duties. It is smaller for exporters that have a free trade agreement with the importing country. Different types of NTBs affect trade to a different extent. Finally, we investigate the effect of behind-the-border measures, showing that they significantly lower the importer’s market access.
A real matrix is called totally nonnegative if all of its minors are nonnegative. In this paper the extended Perron complement of a principal submatrix in a matrix A is investigated. In extension of known results it is shown that if A is irreducible and totally nonnegative and the principal submatrix consists of some specified consecutive rows then the extended Perron complement is totally nonnegative. Also inequalities between minors of the extended Perron complement and the Schur complement are presented.
In this paper totally nonnegative (positive) matrices are considered which are matrices having all their minors nonnegative (positve); the almost totally positive matrices form a class between the totally nonnegative matrices and the totally positive ones. An efficient determinantal test based on the Cauchon algorithm for checking a given matrix for falling in one of these three classes of matrices is applied to matrices which are related to roots of polynomials and poles of rational functions, specifically the Hankel matrix associated with the Laurent series at infinity of a rational function and matrices of Hurwitz type associated with polynomials. In both cases it is concluded from properties of one or two finite sections of the infinite matrix that the infinite matrix itself has these or related properties. Then the results are applied to derive a sufficient condition for the Hurwitz stability of an interval family of polynomials. Finally, interval problems for a subclass of the rational functions, viz. R-functions, are investigated. These problems include invariance of exclusively positive poles and exclusively negative roots in the presence of variation of the coefficients of the polynomials within given intervals.
In 1970, B.A. Asner, Jr., proved that for a real quasi-stable polynomial, i.e., a polynomial whose zeros lie in the closed left half-plane of the complex plane, its finite Hurwitz matrix is totally nonnegative, i.e., all its minors are nonnegative, and that the converse statement is not true. In this work, we explain this phenomenon in detail, and provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a real polynomial to have a totally nonnegative finite Hurwitz matrix.
The State of Custom
(2021)
In our article, we engage with the anthropologist Gerd Spittler’s pathbreaking
article “Dispute settlement in the shadow of Leviathan” (1980) in which
he strives to integrate the existence of state courts (the eponymous Leviathan’s
shadow) in (post-)colonial Africa into the analysis on non-state court legal practices.
According to Spittler, it is because of undesirable characteristics inherent
in state courts that the disputing parties tended to rather involve mediators than
pursue a state court judgment. The less people liked state courts, the more likely
they were to (re-)turn to dispute settlement procedures. Now how has this situation
changed in the last four decades since its publication date? We relate his findings
to contemporary debates in legal anthropology that investigate the relationship
between disputing, law and the state. We also show through our own work in
Africa and Asia, particularly in Southern Ethiopia and Kyrgyzstan, in what ways
Spittler’s by now classical contribution to the field of legal anthropology in 1980
can be made fruitful for a contemporary anthropology of the state at a time when
not only (legal) anthropology has changed, but especially the way states deal with
putatively “customary” forms of dispute settlement.
ERP systems integrate a major part of all business processes and organizations include them in their IT service management. Besides these formal systems, there are additional systems that are rather stand-alone and not included in the IT management tasks. These so-called ‘shadow systems’ also support business processes but hinder a high enterprise integration. Shadow systems appear during their explicit detection or during software maintenance projects such as enhancements or release changes of enterprise systems. Organizations then have to decide if and to what extent they integrate the identified shadow systems into their ERP systems. For this decision, organizations have to compare the capabilities of each identified shadow system with their ERP systems. Based on multiple-case studies, we provide a dependency approach to enable their comparison. We derive categories for different stages of the dependency and base insights into integration possibilities on these stages. Our results show that 64% of the shadow systems in our case studies are related to ERP systems. This means that they share parts or all of their data and/or functionality with the ERP system. Our research contributes to the field of integration as well as to the discussion about shadow systems.
Despite the increased attention dedicated to research on the antecedents and determinants of new venture survival in entrepreneurship, defining and capturing survival as an outcome represents a challenge in quantitative studies. This paper creates awareness for ventures being inactive while still classified as surviving based on the data available. We describe this as the ‘living dead’ phenomenon, arguing that it yields potential effects on the empirical results of survival studies. Based on a systematic literature review, we find that this issue of inactivity has not been sufficiently considered in previous new venture survival studies. Based on a sample of 501 New Technology-Based Firms, we empirically illustrate that the classification of living dead ventures into either survived or failed can impact the factors determining survival. On this basis, we contribute to an understanding of the issue by defining the ‘living dead’ phenomenon and by proposing recommendations for research practice to solve this issue in survival studies, taking the data source, the period under investigation and the sample size into account.
This paper applies the concept of Soja’s Thirdspace to the phenomenon of Lazgi dance and tourism in Uzbekistan. In doing so it analyses the different levels of perception (including Firstspace and Secondspace) of Lazgi and tourism via an autoethnographic lens. Complemented by expert interviews, the interaction of Lazgi and tourism is examined and characteristics of the Lazgisphere (world of Lazgi) in Uzbekistan are distilled. The results show that Lazgi is often directly or indirectly connected with tourism in Uzbekistan, but even more so serves to reaffirm national identity.
The Kerala tourism model
(2017)
Sustainable tourism in Kerala is on the rise. Therefore, this South Indian state is assessed according to the sustainable tourism criteria of the Strasdas et al. (2007) framework. Kerala as a state does not qualify as a sustainable tourism destination, although individual success stories at the NGO and government level exist. This conceptual paper delivers a detailed analysis of the three dimensions of sustainability, i.e. ecology, economy and socio-cultural aspects, of the ‘Kerala tourism model’ and discusses the question of whether this model can be transferred to other developing countries. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Increasing demand for sustainable, resilient, and low-carbon construction materials has highlighted the potential of Compacted Mineral Mixtures (CMMs), which are formulated from various soil types (sand, silt, clay) and recycled mineral waste. This paper presents a comprehensive inter- and transdisciplinary research concept that aims to industrialise and scale up the adoption of CMM-based construction materials and methods, thereby accelerating the construction industry’s systemic transition towards carbon neutrality. By drawing upon the latest advances in soil mechanics, rheology, and automation, we propose the development of a robust material properties database to inform the design and application of CMM-based materials, taking into account their complex, time-dependent behaviour. Advanced soil mechanical tests would be utilised to ensure optimal performance under various loading and ageing conditions. This research has also recognised the importance of context-specific strategies for CMM adoption. We have explored the implications and limitations of implementing the proposed framework in developing countries, particularly where resources may be constrained. We aim to shed light on socio-economic and regulatory aspects that could influence the adoption of these sustainable construction methods. The proposed concept explores how the automated production of CMM-based wall elements can become a fast, competitive, emission-free, and recyclable alternative to traditional masonry and concrete construction techniques. We advocate for the integration of open-source digital platform technologies to enhance data accessibility, processing, and knowledge acquisition; to boost confidence in CMM-based technologies; and to catalyse their widespread adoption. We believe that the transformative potential of this research necessitates a blend of basic and applied investigation using a comprehensive, holistic, and transfer-oriented methodology. Thus, this paper serves to highlight the viability and multiple benefits of CMMs in construction, emphasising their pivotal role in advancing sustainable development and resilience in the built environment.
This paper introduces the third update/release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDB-R3). The GSDB-R3 extends the period of coverage from 1950–2019 to 1950–2022, which includes two special periods—COVID-19 and the new sanctions against Russia. This update of the GSDB contains a total of 1325 cases. In response to multiple inquiries and requests, the GSDB-R3 has been amended with a new variable that distinguishes between unilateral and multilateral sanctions. As before, the GSDB comes in two versions, case-specific and dyadic, which are freely available upon request at GSDB@drexel.edu. To highlight one of the new features of the GSDB, we estimate the heterogeneous effects of unilateral and multilateral sanctions on trade. We also obtain estimates of the effects on trade of the 2014 sanctions on Russia.
This article introduces the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDB), a new dataset of economic sanctions that covers all bilateral, multilateral, and plurilateral sanctions in the world during the 1950–2016 period across three dimensions: type, political objective, and extent of success. The GSDB features by far the most cases amongst data bases that focus on effective sanctions (i.e., excluding threats) and is particularly useful for analysis of bilateral international transactional data (such as trade flows). We highlight five important stylized facts: (i) sanctions are increasingly used over time; (ii) European countries are the most frequent users and African countries the most frequent targets; (iii) sanctions are becoming more diverse, with the share of trade sanctions falling and that of financial or travel sanctions rising; (iv) the main objectives of sanctions are increasingly related to democracy or human rights; (v) the success rate of sanctions has gone up until 1995 and fallen since then. Using state-of-the-art gravity modeling, we highlight the usefulness of the GSDB in the realm of international trade. Trade sanctions have a negative but heterogeneous effect on trade, which is most pronounced for complete bilateral sanctions, followed by complete export sanctions.
The main objective of this paper is to revisit the Euro method in a critical and constructive way.Wehave analysed some arguments against the Euro method published recently in the literature as well as some other relevant aspects of the SUT-Euro and SUT-RAS methods not covered before. Although not being the Euro method perfect, we believe that there is still space for the use of the Euro method in updating/regionalizing Supply and Use tables.
The main objective of this paper is to revisit Temursho’s (2020) article “On the Euro method” in a critical and constructive way. We have praised part of his work and at the same time, we have analysed some of his arguments against the Euro method and against the work published by Valderas-Jaramillo et al. (2019). Moreover, we have analysed some other relevant aspects of the SUT-Euro and SUT-RAS methods not covered in Temursho (2020). Temursho (2020) seems to conclude that no one should use the Euro method again because of its limitations and drawbacks. However, although not being the Euro method perfect, we are afraid that there is still space for the use of the Euro method in updating/regionalizing supply and use tables.
Globalization has increased the number of road trips and vehicles. The result has been an intensification of traffic accidents, which are becoming one of the most important causes of death worldwide. Traffic accidents are often due to human error, the probability of which increases when the cognitive ability of the driver decreases. Cognitive capacity is closely related to the driver’s mental state, as well as other external factors such as the CO2 concentration inside the vehicle. The objective of this work is to analyze how these elements affect driving. We have conducted an experiment with 50 drivers who have driven for 25 min using a driving simulator. These drivers completed a survey at the start and end of the experiment to obtain information about their mental state. In addition, during the test, their stress level was monitored using biometric sensors and the state of the environment (temperature, humidity and CO2 level) was recorded. The results of the experiment show that the initial level of stress and tiredness of the driver can have a strong impact on stress, driving behavior and fatigue produced by the driving test. Other elements such as sadness and the conditions of the interior of the vehicle also cause impaired driving and affect compliance with traffic regulations.
AbstractSanctions encompass a wide set of policy instruments restricting cross‐border economic activities. In this paper, we study how different types of sanctions affect the export behavior of firms to the targeted countries. We combine Danish register data, including information on firm‐destination‐specific exports, with information on sanctions imposed by Denmark from the Global Sanctions Database. Our data allow us to study firms' export behavior in 62 sanctioned countries, amounting to a total of 453 country‐years with sanctions over the period 2000–2015. Methodologically, we apply a two‐stage estimation strategy to properly account for multilateral resistance terms. We find that, on average, sanctions lead to a significant reduction in firms' destination‐specific exports and a significant increase in firms' probability to exit the destination. Next, we study heterogeneity in the effects of sanctions across (i) sanction types and sanction packages, (ii) the objectives of sanctions, and (iii) countries subject to sanctions. Results confirm that the effects of sanctions on firms' export behavior vary considerably across these three dimensions.
This study aims to adapt CEFR in developing an integrative approach-based teaching material model for a pre-basic BISOL class. The method used in this research is the development research design by Borg and Gall. This study was development research. The stages are identification of the problem, formulation of a hypothetical draft model; feasibility testing by experts; product revision; and test product effectiveness. The data were collected through survey techniques, interviews, and documentation. The needs identification results revealed data encompassing 10 themes, 5 tasks per theme, and diverse evaluations comprising theory, in-class practice, and real-world field assignments, both on an individual and group basis. These identified needs require alignment with CEFR A1 for the development of BISOL learning. These findings were subsequently incorporated into the design of the teaching material model, and the results indicated that tailoring CEFR to BISOL as an integrative language teaching material model was feasible for application in the classroom, as assessed by experts. The implications suggest that integrating CEFR into BISOL is highly feasible for the development of teaching materials, and teachers can leverage this instructional model to enhance students' proficiency in the Indonesian language.
Moderne politische Steuerungskonzeptionen zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass sie zum einen die Mängel traditioneller planungszentrierter Konzepte vermeiden und zum anderen der gewachsenen Vielfalt an Kooperationsmöglichkeiten unterschiedlicher Akteurssysteme gerecht werden. Speziell für das Handlungsfeld der kommunalen Energiewende führt dies zu einer Governance-Konzeption, bei der Kommunen als systemische Steuerungsakteure fungieren. Hierbei moderieren und gestalten sie zusammen mit den relevanten Akteuren die verschiedenen Herausforderungen im Rahmen kommunaler Energiewendekonzepte.
Die Beständigkeit von hochlegierten korrosions- und säurebeständigen Stählen wird primär durch den Chromgehalt bestimmt. Allerdings gibt es entlang der Wertschöpfungskette von der Stahlerschmelzung bis zum fertigen Produkt eine Vielzahl weiterer Einflussfaktoren. Dem Schleifen kommt hier eine besondere Bedeutung zu, da es je nach Wahl der Prozessparameter sowohl zu einer signifikanten Verschlechterung als auch zu einer Verbesserung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit führen kann. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird aufgezeigt, dass die erzeugte Rauheit nur eine begrenzte Aussagekraft bietet. Vielmehr erhöhen lokale Mikrodefekte die Anfälligkeit gegen Lochfraß – je nach Ausprägung und Anzahl. Die Automatisierung für die Innenbearbeitung von Behältern im pharmazeutischen Apparatebau kann dabei zu einer signifikanten Verbesserung der Oberfläche und einem homogeneren Erscheinungsbild führen.
SyNumSeS is a Python package for numerical simulation of semiconductor devices. It uses the Scharfetter-Gummel discretization for solving the one dimensional Van Roosbroeck system which describes the free electron and hole transport by the drift-diffusion model. As boundary conditions voltages can be applied to Ohmic contacts. It is suited for the simulation of pn-diodes, MOS-diodes, LEDs (hetero junction), solar cells, and (hetero) bipolar transistors.
Let A = [a_ij] be a real symmetric matrix. If f:(0,oo)-->[0,oo) is a Bernstein function, a sufficient condition for the matrix [f(a_ij)] to have only one positive eigenvalue is presented. By using this result, new results for a symmetric matrix with exactly one positive eigenvalue, e.g., properties of its Hadamard powers, are derived.
The Black Forest offers renewable energy as a specific tourist destination in the form of bioenergy villages (BEV). Particularly expert tourists tend to visit them. The results of two quantitative surveys on the supply and demand side show that there is, up to now, an untapped potential among experienceoriented
tourists for this type of niche tourism.
Stadtbaukunst
(2021)
Software startups
(2016)
Software startup companies develop innovative, software-intensive products within limited time frames and with few resources, searching for sustainable and scalable business models. Software startups are quite distinct from traditional mature software companies, but also from micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises, introducing new challenges relevant for software engineering research. This paper’s research agenda focuses on software engineering in startups, identifying, in particular, 70+ research questions in the areas of supporting startup engineering activities, startup evolution models and patterns, ecosystems and innovation hubs, human aspects in software startups, applying startup concepts in non-startup environments, and methodologies and theories for startup research. We connect and motivate this research agenda with past studies in software startup research, while pointing out possible future directions. While all authors of this research agenda have their main background in Software Engineering or Computer Science, their interest in software startups broadens the perspective to the challenges, but also to the opportunities that emerge from multi-disciplinary research. Our audience is therefore primarily software engineering researchers, even though we aim at stimulating collaborations and research that crosses disciplinary boundaries. We believe that with this research agenda we cover a wide spectrum of the software startup industry current needs.
This paper compares two popular scripting implementations for hardware prototyping: Python scripts exe- cut from User-Space and C-based Linux-Driver processes executed from Kernel-Space, which can provide information to researchers when considering one or another in their implementations. Conclusions exhibit that deploying software scripts in the kernel space makes it possible to grant a certain quality of sensor information using a Raspberry Pi without the need for advanced real-time operational systems.
Error correction coding based on soft-input decoding can significantly improve the reliability of non-volatile flash memories. This work proposes a soft-input decoder for generalized concatenated (GC) codes. GC codes are well suited for error correction in flash memories for high reliability data storage. We propose GC codes constructed from inner extended binary Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes and outer Reed-Solomon codes. The extended BCH codes enable an efficient hard-input decoding. Furthermore, a low-complexity soft-input decoding method is proposed. This bit-flipping decoder uses a fixed number of test patterns and an algebraic decoder for soft-decoding. An acceptance criterion for the final candidate codeword is proposed. Combined with error and erasure decoding of the outer Reed-Solomon codes, this acceptance criterion can improve the decoding performance and reduce the decoding complexity. The presented simulation results show that the proposed bit-flipping decoder in combination with outer error and erasure decoding can outperform maximum likelihood decoding of the inner codes.
Generalised concatenated (GC) codes are well suited for error correction in flash memories for high-reliability data storage. The GC codes are constructed from inner extended binary Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem (BCH) codes and outer Reed–Solomon codes. The extended BCH codes enable high-rate GC codes and low-complexity soft input decoding. This work proposes a decoder architecture for high-rate GC codes. For such codes, outer error and erasure decoding are mandatory. A pipelined decoder architecture is proposed that achieves a high data throughput with hard input decoding. In addition, a low-complexity soft input decoder is proposed. This soft decoding approach combines a bit-flipping strategy with algebraic decoding. The decoder components for the hard input decoding can be utilised which reduces the overhead for the soft input decoding. Nevertheless, the soft input decoding achieves a significant coding gain compared with hard input decoding.
Social Compliance
(2016)
So is About Urbanity
(2016)
Südstadt Tübingen is a successful military land redevelopment project, in which functional mix and urban diversity have been identified as main goals. In the whole development process, joint building venture has been utilized as important urban development instrument. On one hand, this instrument helps citizens development adaptive and affordable living space and let them find own identity to the new quarter; on the other hand, it is also important to cultivate urban diversity and suitable spatial feeling, mix relationship in living and working conditions, so that the quarters will have very flexible structure to accommodate diversified urban life styles.
Compliance hat in der Vergangenheit oftmals versagt, der aktuelle „VW-Abgasskandal“ ist nur ein Beispiel. Es muss nicht alles neu erfunden werden, und nicht alles, was Unternehmen in der Vergangenheit im Bereich Compliance taten, ist schlecht. Aber es ist an der Zeit, Compliance neu zu denken. Worauf kommt es wirklich an im Compliance Management 2.0? Meine Antwort lautet, dass Ernsthaftigkeit und Glaubwürdigkeit gefördert werden müssen und gefördert werden können. Wie, das versuche ich im Rahmen von sechs Thesen zu skizzieren.
Smart factory and education
(2017)
This letter introduces signal constellations based on multiplicative groups of Eisenstein integers, i.e., hexagonal lattices. These sets of Eisenstein integers are proposed as signal constellations for generalized spatial modulation. The algebraic properties of the new constellations are investigated and a set partitioning technique is developed. This technique can be used to design coded modulation schemes over hexagonal lattices.
Short-Term Density Forecasting of Low-Voltage Load using Bernstein-Polynomial Normalizing Flows
(2023)
The transition to a fully renewable energy grid requires better forecasting of demand at the low-voltage level to increase efficiency and ensure reliable control. However, high fluctuations and increasing electrification cause huge forecast variability, not reflected in traditional point estimates. Probabilistic load forecasts take uncertainties into account and thus allow more informed decision-making for the planning and operation of low-carbon energy systems. We propose an approach for flexible conditional density forecasting of short-term load based on Bernstein polynomial normalizing flows, where a neural network controls the parameters of the flow. In an empirical study with 3639 smart meter customers, our density predictions for 24h-ahead load forecasting compare favorably against Gaussian and Gaussian mixture densities. Furthermore, they outperform a non-parametric approach based on the pinball loss, especially in low-data scenarios.
Research on Shadow IT is facing a conceptual dilemma in cases where previously “covert” systems developed by business entities are integrated in the organizational IT management. These systems become visible, are thus not “in the shadows” anymore, and subsequently do not fit to existing definitions of Shadow IT. Practice shows that some information systems share characteristics of Shadow IT but are created openly in alignment with the IT organization. This paper proposes the term “Business-managed IT” to describe “overt” information systems developed or managed by business entities and distinguishes it from Shadow IT by illustrating case vignettes. Accordingly, our contribution is to suggest a concept and its delineation against other concepts. In this way, IS researchers interested in IT originated from or maintained by business entities can construct theories with a wider scope of application that are at the same time more specific to practical problems. In addition, the terminology allows to value potentially innovative developments by business entities more adequately.
Sexistischer Werbung, die gegen die Menschenwürde verstößt, kann über die Auffangnorm des § 3 Abs. 1 UWG bekämpft werden. Dennoch zeigt sich die Rechtsprechung zurückhaltend und stattdessen übernimmt der Deutsche Werberat die Deutungshoheit. Die höchstrichterliche Rechtsprechung konnte sich insoweit bislang nicht fortbilden. Gerade in Zeiten des Wertewandels ist eine aktualisierte höchstrichterliche Rechtsprechung aber nicht zuletzt auch für den Rechtsfrieden unerlässlich.
Sensorlose Positionsregelung eines hydraulischen Proportional-Wegeventils mittels Signalinjektion
(2017)
Es wird eine Methode zur sensorlosen Positionsbestimmung bei elektromagnetisch betätigten Aktoren vorgestellt. Dabei werden basierend auf einer Signalinjektion die positionsabhängigen Parameter bei der injizierten Frequenz bestimmt und daraus über ein geeignetes Modell die Position des Magnetankers ermittelt. Die Eignung des Verfahrens zur sensorlosen Positionsregelung wird an einem bidirektionalen Proportionalventil anhand praktischer Versuche demonstriert.
Die Seewassernutzung weist ein beachtliches Potential zu Kühl- und Heizzwecken auf. Bereits seit längerem eingesetzte seewasserbetriebene Wärmepumpen in der Schweiz beweisen fortwährend ihre Praxistauglichkeit. In Deutschland wird diese Technik jedoch bislang kaum genutzt. Mit Hilfe eines interdisziplinären geowissenschaftlichen Ansatzes wird derzeit das bestehende Potential in Deutschland quantifiziert und dessen Nutzungshemmnisse identifiziert, um in einem weiteren Schritt Handlungsoptionen für einen verstärkten Einsatz dieser Technologie zu erarbeiten.
As part of large-scale project in the Lake Constance region that borders Germany, Austria and Switzerland, seamless learning prototypes are designed, implemented, and evaluated. A design-based research (DBR) approach is used for the development, implementation and evaluation. The project consists of one base project that brings together instructional design and instructional technology specialists as well as (educational) software architects, supporting seven subprojects in developing seamless-learning lighthouse implementations mostly within higher and further education.
Industrial partners are involved in all subprojects. The authors are unaware of similar seamless learning projects using a DBR approach that include evaluation and redesign and allow for comparison of experiences by applying DBR across subprojects. The project aims to generate novel seamless learning implementations, respective novel research and novel software supporting different aspects of seamless learning. The poster will present the project design, delineate areas of research and development, and include initial empirical results.
Schreiben und Rhetorik an einer Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften - ein Erfahrungsbericht
(2018)
Schreiben im Studium
(2020)
Sollte das wissenschaftliche Schreiben als allgemeine Wissenschaftssprache vermittelt werden oder sollten die sprachlichen Anforderungen in den jeweiligen Disziplinen berücksichtigt werden? Die Antwort auf diese Frage hängt auch davon ab, wie stark sich die Wissenschaftssprachen unterscheiden. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden wissenschaftssprachliche Besonderheiten anhand zweier Korpora untersucht, die deutschsprachige Dissertationen der Fächer Betriebswirtschaftslehre (BWL) bzw. Maschinenbau (MB) umfassten und in denen der Gebrauch von Mehrworteinheiten (z.B. im vergleich zu den) verglichen wurde. Die Untersuchung verdeutlicht den unterschiedlichen Gebrauch der Mehrworteinheiten zwischen den Disziplinen: Nur vierzehn der 50 häufigsten Mehrworteinheiten wurden in beiden Korpora genutzt. Die Ergebnisse werden mit Blick auf die Vermittlung des wissenschaftlichen Schreibens erörtert. Es werden Überlegungen zur Weiterentwicklung der Methode angestellt und es wird diskutiert, wie die Korpuslinguistik die Schreibvermittlung im Studium unterstützen könnte.
Schreiben im Beruf
(2015)
Wie kann der Bedarf für berufliches Schreiben ermittelt werden und welche Schwierigkeiten sind dabei zu erwarten? Im Beitrag wird auf Erfahrungen zurückgegriffen, die in einer verwandten Disziplin gemacht wurden: Für berufsbegleitende Sprachkurse in Unternehmen liegen bereits viele Bedarfsermittlungen vor. Diese Erfahrungen können bei Bedarfsermittlungen für berufliches Schreiben berücksichtigt werden. Im Mittelpunkt des Beitrags stehen drei Bedarfsermittlungen zum Englischbedarf von Mitarbeitern internationaler Unternehmen, in denen die typische Methodik von Bedarfsermittlungen deutlich wird und typische Schwierigkeiten auftreten. Die Schwierigkeiten werden unter den Aspekten Erfahrungsdefizite, Kompetenzunterschiede und Machtgefälle zusammengefasst.
Schreiben im Beruf
(2015)
Wie kann der Bedarf für berufliches Schreiben ermittelt werden und welche Schwierigkeiten sind dabei zu erwarten? Im Beitrag wird auf Erfahrungen zurückgegriffen, die in einer verwandten Disziplin gemacht wurden: Für
berufsbegleitende Sprachkurse in Unternehmen liegen bereits viele Bedarfsermittlungen vor. Diese Erfahrungen können bei Bedarfsermittlungen für berufliches Schreiben berücksichtigt werden. Im Mittelpunkt des Beitrags
stehen drei Bedarfsermittlungen zum Englischbedarf von Mitarbeitern internationaler Unternehmen, in denen die typische Methodik von Bedarfsermittlungen deutlich wird und typische Schwierigkeiten auftreten. Die Schwierigkeiten werden unter den Aspekten Erfahrungsdefizite, Kompetenzunterschiede und Machtgefälle zusammengefasst.
Die richtige Balance zwischen Flexibilität und Stabilität von Geschäftsprozessen ist ein essenzieller Faktor für Unternehmen, um den Anforderungen zunehmend dynamisch werdender Märkte gerecht zu werden.
Die durch die digitale Revolution stetig steigende IT-Durchdringung fordert eine noch besser abgestimmte Zusammenarbeit zwischen den IT- und Fachabteilungen.
Müssen Organisationen schwergewichtige IT- und Prozessarchitekturen pflegen, können diese Anforderungen in vielen Fällen nicht adäquat erfüllt werden. Zu lange Zeitfenster der Aktualisierungszyklen führen zu signifikanten Differenzen zwischen den modellierten und den gelebten Geschäftsprozessen. Die Autoren dieses Beitrags propagieren eine Lösung durch innovative agile Methoden, mit deren Hilfe es möglich wird schlanke, maßgeschneiderte Architekturen unmittelbar zu implementieren und kontinuierlich zu pflegen.
In einigen europäischen Nachbarländern herrschen weitaus schlechtere Voraussetzungen für die Binnen-schifffahrt als in Deutschland. Die wenigsten Länder verfügen über eine so effiziente Wasserstraße wie beispielsweise den Rhein. Dennoch forcieren nicht wenige die Verlagerung von Transporten von der Straße auf das Binnenschiff.
Schicksal der Freybrücke
(2016)
Karl Bernhard gilt als einer der bedeutendsten Bauingenieure in Deutschland Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts. Seine beiden Brücken entlang der Heerstraße in Berlin, die Stößenseebrücke und die Freybrücke über die Havel, sind seit 1909 verkehrstechnisch von höchster Bedeutung für die Ost-West-Verbindung der Stadt. Die Freybrücke wurde jedoch im März 2015 abgerissen, um einem Ersatzneubau Platz zu machen. Wie kam es dazu, dass eine historisch und verkehrstechnisch derart wichtige, seit 1971 unter Denkmalschutz stehende Konstruktion so lange vernachlässigt wurde, bis sie abbruchreif war? Dieser Artikel ist eine Hommage an Bernhards Havelbrücke und geht ihrer wechselvollen Geschichte nach.
Schatten-IT (Teil 2)
(2017)
Schatten-IT
(2015)