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40 Jahre Neuland des Denkens
(2020)
Vor 40 Jahren erschien Frederic Vesters Hauptwerk „Neuland des Denkens“. Der Beitrag beleuchtet die wesentlichen Themen dieses programmatischen Buches im Hinblick auf Vesters Biokybernetik und deren Anwendung auf zahlreiche aktuelle Fragen in der Nachhaltigkeits-Debatte, z.B. Klimawandel-Problematik und Energiewende.
Research credits corporate entrepreneurship (CE) with enabling established companies to create new types of innovation. Scholars have focused on the organizational design of CE activities, proposing specific organizational units. These semi-autonomous units create a tense management situation between the core organization and its CE activities. Management and organization research considers control as a key managerial function for help. However, control has received limited research attention regarding CE units, leaving design issues for appropriate control of CE units unanswered. In this study, we link management control and CE to illustrate how control is understood in the context of CE. For this, we scanned the CE literature to identify underlying attributes and characteristics that allow specifying control for CE. We identified 11 attributes to describe control for CE activities in a first round and to derive future research paths.
Alles digital – was nun?
(2018)
Regional economies clearly benefit from thriving entrepreneurial ecosystems. However, ecosystems are not yet entirely gender-inclusive and therefore are not tapping their full potential. This is most critical with respect to technology-based entrepreneurship which features the largest gender imbalance. Despite the considerably growing amount of literature in the two research fields of female entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems, the intersection of the two areas has not yet been outlined. We depict the state of knowledge with a structured review of the literature highlighting bibliometric information, methods used, and the main topics addressed in current articles. From there, recommendations for future research are derived.
Text produced by entrepreneurs represents a data source in entrepreneurship research on venture performance and fund-raising success. Manual text coding of single variables is increasingly assisted or replaced by computer-aided text analysis. Yet, for the development of prediction models with several variables, such dictionary-based text analysis methods are less suitable. Natural language processing techniques are an alternative; however, the implementation is more complex and requires substantial programming skills. More work is required to understand how text analytics can advance entrepreneurship research. This study hence experiments with different artificial intelligence methods rooted in Natural Language Processing and deep learning. It uses 766 business plans to train a model for the automated measurement of transaction relations, a construct which is an indicator for new technology-based firm survival. Empirical findings show that the accuracy of construct measurement can be significantly increased with automated methods and improves with larger amounts of training data. Language complexity sets limits to the precision of automated construct measurement though. We therefore recommend a hybrid approach: making use of the inherent advantages of combining automated with human coding until the amount of training data is sufficiently large to substitute the human coding completely. The study provides insights into the applicability of different text analytics methods in entrepreneurship research and points at future research potential.
What drives entrepreneurial action to create a lasting impact? The creation of new ventures that aim at having an impact beyond their financial performance face additional challenges: achieving economic sustainability and at the same time addressing social or environmental issues. Little is known on how these new hybrid organizations, aiming for multiple impact dimensions, manage to be congruent with their blended values. A dataset of 4,125 early-stage ventures is used to gain insights into how blended values are converted into financial, social and environmental impacts, giving shape to different types of hybrid organizations. Our findings suggest new hybrid organizations might opt to sacrifice financial impact to achieve social impact, yet this is not the case when they aim to generate environmental or sustainable impact. Therefore, the tensions and sacrifices related to holding blended values are not homogeneous across all types of new hybrid organizations.
Beidhändig gestalten
(2018)
Beidhändig zum Erfolg
(2018)
Zur Bewertung von Strategien und Handlungsoptionen im Themenfeld Bioökonomie
ist es naheliegend, eine naturinspirierte Bewertungsmethodik zu verwenden.
Dieser Beitrag stellt daher den biokybernetischen Ansatz nach Frederic Vester als
Methodik in den Mittelpunkt, um nachhaltigkeitskonforme Passungskriterien für
bioökonomische Innovationen und Konzepte zu beschreiben sowie insbesondere
die systemischen Wechselwirkungen und damit die Komplexität dieses Themenfeldes
zu erfassen. So wird auch die Ambivalenz von Innovationen im Themen- und
Handlungsfeld Bioökonomie thematisiert. Letztlich können mit diesem Ansatz
die prinzipiellen Voraussetzungen für nachhaltigkeitsorientierte bioökonomische
Innovationen in Richtung Erneuerbarkeit, Zirkularität, Effizienz, ökologische Verträglichkeit und Klimaneutralität geklärt werden.
Uncertainty about the future requires companies to create discontinuous innovations. Established companies, however, struggle to do so; whereas independent startups seem to better cope with this. Consequently, established companies set up entrepreneurial initiatives to make use of startups' benefits. Consequently, this led-amongst others-to great interest in socalled corporate entrepreneurship (CE) programs and to the development and characterization of several different forms. Their processes to achieve certain objectives, yet, are still rather ineffective. Thus, considerations of the actions performed in preparation for and during CE programs could be one approach to improve this but are still absent today. Furthermore, the increasing use of several CE programs in parallel seems to bear the potential for synergies and, thus, more efficient use of resources. Aiming to provide insights to both issues, this study analyzes actions of CE programs, by looking at interviews with managers of seven corporate incubators and accelerator programs of five established German tech-companies.
Forschungsfrage: Welche Rollen lassen sich in Corporate Entrepreneurship identifizieren? Wie unterscheiden sich diese anhand verschiedener Merkmale und welche Fähigkeiten scheinen besonders relevant für ihre erfolgreiche Ausführung?
Methodik: Explorative Studie mit 56 semi-strukturierten Interviews mit Corporate-Entrepreneurship-Aktivitäten im DACH-Raum
Praktische Implikationen: Ein genaues Verständnis über die jeweiligen Rollen, ihre Unterschiedlichkeiten und Anforderungen ist notwendig, um die verschiedenen Corporate-Entrepreneurship-Aktivitäten mit passendem Personal zu besetzen.
The business model canvas (BMC) and the lean start-up manifesto (LSM) have been changing both the entrepreneurial education and, on the practical side, the mindset in setting up innovative ventures since the burst of the dot-com bubble. However, few empirical insights on the business model implementation patterns that distinguish between digital and non-digital innovative ventures exist. Connecting practical management tools to network theory as well as to the theory of organizational learning, this paper investigates evolution patterns of digital and non-digital business models out of the deal flow of an innovation intermediary. For this purpose, a multi-dimensional quantitative content analysis research design is applied to 242 ventures' business plans. The measured strength of transaction relations to customers, suppliers, people, and financiers has been combined with performance indicators of the sampled ventures. The results indicate that in order to succeed, digital ventures iterate their business on the market early and search for investment afterwards. Contrariwise, non-digital ventures already need financial investments in the early stages to set up a product ready to be tested on the market. In both groups we found strong evidence that specific evolutionary patterns relate to higher rates of success.
We provide an overview of the ongoing discussions on the objectives of the energy transition in the form of a conceptual framework, intending to facilitate the search for the most viable options for a successful transformation of the energy system. For this purpose, we examine the development of energy policy goals in Germany in the past and present, whereby we give an overview of objectives and assessment approaches from politics, economics, and science. Moreover, we then merge the different views into a common framework and analyze the central conflict between the wholeness of a hypothetical target circle and the simplification in favor of a hypothetical target point in more detail.
The organizational capability to adapt to the fast and radical changes of market parameters becomes a prerequisite for companies’ long-term survival. In this context, organizational ambidexterity has gained much attention in research and practice. It is the capability to develop new businesses (exploration) while simultaneously optimizing the existing core businesses (exploitation). Established companies face several challenges in achieving this capability, as the underlying learning modes of exploration and exploitation are mutually incompatible. One way to solve these challenges is to separate the exploration-oriented part from the core organization. Corporate venturing has been widely recognized as one tool to create these dual structures to develop new businesses, based on discontinuous innovation. In recent times, new corporate venturing forms emerge in practice. This growing number of different forms has led to new applications of corporate venturing which go beyond the pure development of new businesses, toward supporting the entrepreneurial transformation of companies. This study aims at answering how different corporate venturing forms contribute to the strategic renewal of established companies. For this purpose, qualitative research methods are used to analyze data from 17 interviews conducted in two German high-tech companies. The study at hand provides empirical evidence in the field of corporate venturing by uncovering new insights about the different transformational effects of corporate venturing initiatives on the core organization. It further reveals that corporate venturing forms can be classified into two categories according to their respective level of entrepreneurship and frequency of execution. Both categories exhibit different transformational effects and can be understood as being complementary to each other.
Energiewende in Deutschland
(2021)
Das Buch thematisiert die Energiewende in Deutschland aus unterschiedlichen Blick-winkeln. Im Zentrum stehen Anwendungen verschiedener ökonomischer Ansätze (traditionelle industrie- und institutionenökonomische und neuere, insbesondere evolutorisch-systemische). Nach einem historischen Abriss und einem Blick auf die Governance-Herausforderungen werden wesentliche aktuelle Aspekte der Energie-wende diskutiert sowie die vielfältigen Herausforderungen und potentielle Lösungs-optionen aufgezeigt. Auf dieser Basis erfolgt eine Darlegung der aktuellen Phase mit der Sektorkopplung im Mittelpunkt und ein Ausblick auf zukünftige Phasen. Abschließend werden die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer deutschen Vorreiterrolle bei der Energiewende diskutiert.
Entrepreneurial employees
(2019)
Volatile markets and accelerating innovation cycles progressively force established companies to adopt alternative innovation strategies such as entrepreneurship. Due to the key role entrepreneurial employees play for strengthening the company's abilities for innovation and change, various concepts have emerged like corporate entrepreneurship or intrapreneurship. While the extant literature has increasingly examined only specific issues of entrepreneurial employees, an overall view on it lacks investigation. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to structurally present current research on entrepreneurial employees by conducting a broad systematic literature review. The resulting research streams contribute to a clearer justification for future research and are a first step towards a comprehensive research view related to intrapreneurship.
Entrepreneurial motivations have become a frequently discussed topic in entrepreneurship research. However, few studies investigated entrepreneurs' motivation across gender and different venture types and tend to rely on surveys or case studies. By using a text mining approach, we investigate if there are differences between male and female entrepreneurs' motivation and if female entrepreneurs' motivation differs across different venture types. This text mining approach in combination with a qualitative content analysis was used to examine unique motivational data from 472 entrepreneurial projects from three different entrepreneurship support programs in Norway and Sweden. Findings suggest that motivation of female and male entrepreneurs differ only slightly, while motivation of female entrepreneurs differs according to the different venture types. We thus contribute to a better understanding of entrepreneurial motivation and to a better understanding of why female entrepreneurs start a business. This can, for instance, benefit the improvement of future female entrepreneurship support programs.
Evaluation of tech ventures’ evolving business models: rules for performance-related classification
(2022)
At the early stage of a successful tech venture's life cycle, it is assumed that the business model will evolve to higher quality over time. However, there are few empirical insights into business model evolution patterns for the performance-related classification of early-stage tech ventures. We created relevant variables evaluating the evolution of the venture-centric network and the technological proposition of both digital and non-digital ventures' business models using the text of submissions to the official business plan award in the German State of Baden-Württemberg between 2006 and 2012. Applying a principal component analysis/rough set theory mixed methodology, we explore performance-related business model classification rules in the heterogeneous sample of business plans. We find that ventures need to demonstrate real interactions with their customers' needs to survive. The distinguishing success rules are related to patent applications, risk capital, and scaling of the organisation. The rules help practitioners to classify business models in a way that allows them to prioritise action for performance.