Refine
Document Type
- Article (27)
- Conference Proceeding (7)
- Part of a Book (5)
- Report (2)
- Book (1)
- Working Paper (1)
Language
- English (43) (remove)
Keywords
- ASEAN (1)
- Aboriginal people (1)
- Accessible Tourism (1)
- Adapted business models design for sustainability (aDBMfS) (1)
- Adaption (1)
- Adivasi (1)
- Alpine area (1)
- Antidumping (1)
- Arrival and departure (1)
- Artificial Intelligence (1)
Institute
- Fakultät Wirtschafts-, Kultur- und Rechtswissenschaften (43) (remove)
It is widely recognized that sustainability is a new challenge for many manufacturing companies. In this paper, we tackle this issue by presenting an approach that deals with material and substance compliance within Product Lifecycle Management in a complex value chain. Our analysis explains why, how and when sustainable manufacturing arises, and it identifies, quantifies and evaluates the environmental impact of a new product. We propose (I) a Life Cycle Assessment tool (LCA) and (II) a model to validate this approach and evaluate the risk of noncompliance in supply chain. Our LCA approach provides comprehensive information on environmental impacts of a product.
Product and materials cycles are parallel and intersecting, making it challenging to integrate Material Selection Process across Product Lifecycle Management, Integration of LCA with PLM. We provide only a foundation. Further research in systems engineering is necessary. LCA is sensitive to data quality. Outsourcing production and having problems in supplier cooperation can result in material mismatch (such as property, composition mismatching) in the production process due to that may cause misleading of LCA results.
This paper also describes research challenges using riskbased due diligence.
Product development and product manufacturing are entering a new era, namely an era where engineering tasks are executed under collaboration of all involved parties. Engineers and potential customers work together mainly in a virtual world for the design and realization of the product. We address this so called “crowdsourcing” trend in the automotive industry that lowers cost and accelerates production of new car. Current practice and prior studies fail to handle data management and collaboration aspects in sufficient detail. We propose a PLM based crowdsourcing platform that applies best practices to the established approach and adapt it with new methods for handling specific requirements. Our work provides a basis for establishing an improved collaboration platform to support a Gig Economy in the automotive industry.
A growing share of modern trade policy instruments is shaped by non-tariff barriers (NTBs). Based on a structural gravity equation and the recently updated Global Trade Alert database, we empirically investigate the effect of NTBs on imports. Our analysis reveals that the implementation of NTBs reduces imports of affected products by up to 12%. Their trade dampening effect is thus comparable to that of trade defence instruments such as anti-dumping duties. It is smaller for exporters that have a free trade agreement with the importing country. Different types of NTBs affect trade to a different extent. Finally, we investigate the effect of behind-the-border measures, showing that they significantly lower the importer’s market access.
E-mobility in Tourism
(2018)
This article examines chances for and obstacles to e-mobility in tourism at the cross-border region of Lake Constance, Germany. Using secondary internet research, a database of key e-mobility supply factors was generated and visualized utilizing a geographical information system. The results show that fragmentation in infrastructure and information due to the cross-border situation of the four-country region is the main obstacle for e-mobility in tourism in the Lake Constance region. Cooperation and coordination of the supply side of e-mobility in the Lake Constance region turned out to be weak. To improve the chances of e-mobility in cross-border tourism a more client-oriented approach regarding information, accessibility, and conditions of use is necessary.
While existing resource extraction debates have contributed to a better understanding of national economic and political dilemmas and institutional responses, there are flaws in understanding the specific relevance of the various types of mining schemes for rural households to deal with the various problems they are confronted with. Our paper examines the perceptions of gold mining effects on households in Northern Burkina Faso. The findings of our survey across six districts representing different mining schemes (industrial, artisanal, no mining) highlight the fact that artisanal gold mining can generate job opportunities and cash income for local households; whereas industrial gold mining widely fails to do so. However, the general economic and environmental settings exert a much stronger influence on the household state. Gold mining effects are perceived as being less advantageous in districts where people are suffering from a lack of education, a higher vulnerability to drought and poor market access. Our findings provide empirical support for those who back the enhanced formalization of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) and policies that entail more rigorous state monitoring of mining concessions, especially in economic and environmentally disadvantaged contexts. Effectively addressing communal and pro-poor development requires greater attention to the political economy of ASM and corporate mining. It also calls for a greater inclusion of local mining stakeholders and a more effective alignment of international regulatory and advocacy efforts.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine visitor management in the German-Swiss border area of the Lake Constance region. Taking a customer perspective, it determines the requirements for an application with the ability to optimize personal mobility.
Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative study and a survey of focus groups were conducted to identify movement patterns of different types of visitors and their requirements concerning the development of a visitor management application.
Findings – Visitors want an application that provides real-time forecasts of issues such as traffic, parking and queues and, at the same time, enables them to create a personal activity schedule based on this information.
Research limitations/implications – Not every subsample reached a sufficient number of cases to yield representative results.
Practical implications – The results may lead to an optimization and management separation of mobility flows in the research area and be helpful to municipal planners, destination marketing organizations and visitors.
Originality/value – The German border cities of Konstanz, Radolfzell and Singen in the Lake Constance region need improved visitor management, mainly because of a high level of shopping tourism by Swiss visitors to Germany. In the Summer months, Lake Constance is also a popular destination for leisure tourists, which causes overtourism. For the first time, the results of this research presented here offer possible solutions, in particular by showing how a mobile application for visitors could defuse the situation.
Border issues continue to be of interest in tourism literature, most significantly that which focusses on cross-border shopping (e.g., currency values, taxation,
security). Borders as destinations are recognized in this area but the notion of shopping as a destination is perhaps less acknowledged. Following a review of the relevant literature, including the presentation of a table summarizing key areas of cross-border tourism research around the world, this paper presents a unique example of a border region with two-way traffic for cross-border shopping tourism: the border between Germany and Switzerland.
The particular case is where two cities meet at the border: Konstanz, Germany and Kreuzlingen, Switzerland. An intercept survey and key informant interviews were conducted in both communities in the spring of 2015. The results indicate high levels of traffic for various products and services. And while residents are generally satisfied with cross-border shopping in their communities, there are emerging issues related to volume and, in particular, too many in Konstanz and not enough in Kreuzlingen.
The paper concludes with a discussion that includes the development of a model cross-border shopping tourism that recognizes the multiple layers in space and destination.
The paper concludes with a proposal to further investigate the particular issues related to the volume on both sides of borders where cross-border shopping is the destination.
This paper presents a framework to assess the cultural sustainability of Aboriginal tourism in British Columbia, which meets must take into account the protection of human rights, good self-governance, identity, control of land, the tourism product’s authenticity, and a market-ready tourism product. These criteria are specified by two indicators each. The cultural sustainability framework was generated by triangulating qualitative research methods like experts’ interviews, secondary research, and participant and non-participant observations. This paper is thus conceptual in nature and inductive in its approach. It partly leverages a collaborative approach, as it includes interviewees in an iterative research loop. Furthermore, the paper shows why cultural sustainability is a determinant of the success of Aboriginal tourism.
The aim of this paper is to portray the risks of climate change for low mountain range tourism and to develop sustainable business models as adaption strategy. A mixed-method-approach is applied combining secondary analysis, a quantitative survey, and qualitative in-depth-interviews in a transdisciplinary setting. Results show, that until now, climate change impacts on the snow situation in the Black Forest – at least above 1,000 m – have been mild and compensated by artificial snowmaking, and up to now have not had measurable effects on tourism demand. In general, the Black Forest appears to be an attractive destination for more reasons than just snow. The climate issue seems to be regarded as a rather incidental occurrence with little importance to current business decisions. However, the authors present adaption strategies as alternatives for snow tourism, e. g. the implementation of hiking hostels, since climate change will make winter tourism in the Black Forest impossible in the long run.
Drawing on a rich body of multimethod field research, this book examines the ways in which Indonesian and Philippine religious actors have fostered conflict resolution and under what conditions these efforts have been met with success or limited success.
The book addresses two central questions: In what ways, and to what extent, have post-conflict peacebuilding activities of Christian churches contributed to conflict transformation in Mindanao (Philippines) and Maluku (Indonesia)? And to what extent have these church-based efforts been affected by specific economic, political, or social contexts? Based on extensive fieldwork, the study operates with a nested, multi-dimensional, and multi-layered methodological concept which combines qualitative and quantitative methods. Major findings are that church-based peace activities do matter, that they have higher approval rates than state projects, and that they have fostered interreligious understanding.
Through innovative analysis, this book fills a lacuna in the study of ethno-religious conflicts. Informed by the novel Comparative Area Studies (CAS) approach, this book is strictly comparative, includes in-case and cross-case comparisons, and bridges disciplinary research with Area Studies. It will be of interest to academics in the fields of conflict and peacebuilding studies, interreligious dialogue, Southeast Asian Studies, and Asian Politics.
The Lake Constance region is due to its scenic attractiveness one of the most visited destinations in German-speaking countries. Scenic attractiveness as well as so-called landscape stereotypes also play a decisive role in tourism marketing. Tour operators reproduce supra-individual landscape concepts and establish mental geographies that ultimately influence the choice of destinations. A growing trend in tourism is the emergence of creative narratives in tourism marketing and tourism offers induced by creative companies. By means of a discourse-analytical investigation, whose theoretical and conceptual frame of reference is the hegemony and discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe (1985), recurring landscape stereotypes are identified in tourist promotional material for the destination Bodensee. Based on these results as well as expert interviews with regional tourism stakeholders, a discussion of the creative economic potential for regional tourism marketing will take place. The investigation shows that these potentials are currently not being exhausted. At the same time, creative tourism can help a rural region, such as Lake Constance, to position itself as an alternative to city tourism, while at the same time addressing the lucrative target group 60plus.
This article introduces the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDB), a new dataset of economic sanctions that covers all bilateral, multilateral, and plurilateral sanctions in the world during the 1950–2016 period across three dimensions: type, political objective, and extent of success. The GSDB features by far the most cases amongst data bases that focus on effective sanctions (i.e., excluding threats) and is particularly useful for analysis of bilateral international transactional data (such as trade flows). We highlight five important stylized facts: (i) sanctions are increasingly used over time; (ii) European countries are the most frequent users and African countries the most frequent targets; (iii) sanctions are becoming more diverse, with the share of trade sanctions falling and that of financial or travel sanctions rising; (iv) the main objectives of sanctions are increasingly related to democracy or human rights; (v) the success rate of sanctions has gone up until 1995 and fallen since then. Using state-of-the-art gravity modeling, we highlight the usefulness of the GSDB in the realm of international trade. Trade sanctions have a negative but heterogeneous effect on trade, which is most pronounced for complete bilateral sanctions, followed by complete export sanctions.
Due to its economic size, economic policy measures, in particular trade policies, have a far‐reaching impact on global economic developments. This chapter quantifies the economic consequences of US protectionist trade aspirations. It focuses on trade policy scenarios, which have been communicated by the current US administration as potential new trade policies. The chapter draws on the results of a study of the ifo Institute conducted on behalf of the Bertelsmann Foundation. In the first simulation, a retraction from the North American Free Trade Agreement is considered. The chapter then illustrates the potential consequences of a “border tax adjustment” policy. It also simulates further measures to protect the US market by presuming an increase in American duties. The chapter presents robust quantitative results that can be expected if an increasingly protectionist US trade policy were to be implemented.
Creative industry and cultural tourism destination Lake Constance - a media discourse analysis
(2020)
The following media discourse analysis examines the news media coverage of four regional online newspapers, about the topics “creative industries” and “cultural tourism” at Lake Constance region in the period from 2006 until 2016. The results show that, besides event-relater reporting, there is currently no vibrant media discourse on the topics “creative industries” and “cultural tourism”. Even though the image of the Lake Constance region is heavily influenced by tourism, “cultural tourism” also plays a secondary role when it comes to regional news reporting. Moreover, discourses do not overlap and thus no synergies within the local media discourse are formed. This result is relevant for the regional tourism development, because the cooperation between “creative industries” and “cultural tourism” creates opportunities such as the expansion of the tourism offer and an extension of the tourist season. To activate unused opportunities at the different destinations of the region, a supra-regional visibility of the sector “creative industries” should be developed and the cooperation of the sector with local stakeholders of cultural tourism should be promoted.
A conceptual framework for indigenous ecotourism projects – a case study in Wayanad, Kerala, India
(2020)
This paper analyses indigenous ecotourism in the Indian district of Wayanad, Kerala, using a conceptual framework based on a PATA 2015 study on indigenous tourism that includes the criteria: human rights, participation, business and ecology. Detailed indicator sets for each criterion are applied to a case study of the Priyadarshini Tea Environs with a qualitative research approach addressing stakeholders from the public sector, non-governmental organisations, academia, tour operators and communities including Adivasi and non-Adivasi. In-depth interviews were supported by participant and non-participant observations. The authors adapted this framework to the needs of the case study and consider that this modified version is a useful tool for academics and practitioners wishing to evaluate and develop indigenous ecotourism projects. The results show that the Adivasi involved in the Priyadarshini Tea Environs project benefit from indigenous ecotourism. But they could profit more if they had more involvement in and control of the whole tourism value chain.
For a long time, the use of intermediate products in production has been growing more rapidly in most countries than domestic production. This is a strong indication of more interdependency in production. The main purpose of input-output analysis is to study the interdependency of industries in an economy. Often the term interindustry analysis is also used. Therefore, the exchange of intermediate products is a key issue of input-output analysis. We will use input–output data for this study that the author prepared for the new ‘Handbook on Supply, Use and Input–Output Tables with Extensions and Applications’ of the United Nations. The supply use and input–output tables contain separate valuation matrices for trade margins, transport margins, value added tax, other taxes on products and subsidies on products. For the study, two input–output models were developed to evaluate the impact of fuel subsidy and taxation reform on output, gross domestic product, inflation and trade. Six scenarios are discussed covering different aspects of the reform.
This paper presents the goals, service design approach, and the results of the project “Accessible Tourism around Lake Constance”, which is currently run by different universities, industrial partners and selected hotels in Switzerland, Germany and Austria. In the 1st phase, interviews with different persons with disabilities and elderly persons have been conducted to identify the barriers and pains faced by tourists who want to spend their holidays in the region of Lake Constance as well as possible assistive technologies that help to overcome these barriers. The analysis of the interviews shows that one third of the pains and barriers are due to missing, insufficient, wrong or inaccessible information about the
accessibility of the accommodation, surroundings, and points of interests during the planning phase of the holidays. Digital assistive technologies hence play a
major role in bridging this information gap. In the 2nd phase so-called Hotel-Living-Labs (HLL) have been established where the identified assistive technologies
can be evaluated. Based on these HLLs an overall service for accessible holidays has been designed and developed. In the last phase, this service has been implemented
based on the HLLs as well as the identified assistive technologies and is currently field tested with tourists with disabilities from the three participated countries.
Many countries offer state credit guarantees to support credit-constrained exporters. The policy instrument is commonly justified by governments as a means to mitigating adverse outcomes of financial market frictions for exporting firms. Accumulated returns to the German state credit guarantee scheme deriving from risk-compensating premia have outweighed accumulated losses over the past 60 years. Why do private financial agents not step in and provide insurance given that the state-run program yields positive returns? We argue that costs of risk diversification, liquidity management, and coordination among creditors limit the ability of private financial agents to offer comparable insurance products. Moreover, we suggest that the government’s greater effectiveness in recovering claims in foreign countries endows the state with a cost advantage in dealing with the risks involved in large export projects. We test these hypotheses using monthly firm-level data combined with official transaction-level data on covered exports of German firms and find suggestive evidence that positive effects on trade are due to mitigated financial constraints: State credit guarantees benefit firms that are dependent on external finance, if the value at risk which they seek to cover is large, and at times when refinancing conditions on the private financial market are tight.