The 10 most recently published documents
The construction sector, characterized by a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), faces particular challenges in the digital age. Data cooperatives, such as the Bavarian Construction Data Cooperative (Bauform eG), currently being founded, represent a transformative solution by providing these SMEs with a platform to leverage their collective strength in data management, sharing and use. Initiated by GemeinWerk Ventures and supported by the Bavarian Construction Industry Association, Bauform eG provides shared services and construction data through its member companies via a digital collaboration platform. This innovative approach improves collaboration and organization within the construction value chain and aims at governance innovation to enable trustful data exchange between stakeholders and create a pre-competitive space of trust. This model promotes SME productivity and innovation through ecosystem collaboration and represents an important step in the digital transformation of the construction sector.
Traggerüste
(2024)
Spannbeton
(2024)
Spannbeton ist aus dem heutigen Baugeschehen nicht mehr wegzudenken. Im Brückenbau ist er gängige Praxis, im Hoch- und Industriebau (und hierbei insbesondere in Betonfertigteilen) wird er gleichfalls angewendet, um schlanke, weitgespannte Konstruktionen zu ermöglichen. Die vorliegende Neuauflage berücksichtigt die Deutsche Fassung der DIN EN 1992 – EC 2 – sowie den zugehörigen Deutschen Nationalen Anhang NA – EC 2/NA.
Die Theorie des Spannbetonbaus wird in komprimierter Form anschaulich und verständlich erläutert. Im Anschluss wird die Bemessung und Konstruktion vorgespannter Bauteile anhand von ausführlichen Anwendungsbeispielen praxisnah dargestellt.
Learning Physics Methods
(2024)
For many years, a team of physicists at the HTWG Konstanz has been shifting the focus of physics education from teaching “content” to teaching “methods”. An overview is given on the derived state. Several questions are addressed, such as: What are the advantages? Are there constraints and limits? How can a shift be achieved? What are student reactions and how does other teaching staff deal with the new situation
The proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) has enriched modern life, but their increasing ubiquity raises concerns about environmental impact. To address this, comprehensive Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs) of IoT products, which have historically been manual, costly, and time-consuming, are vital. Noting the recurring nature of core components in IoT devices, such as CPUs and sensors, we propose to use graphs and machine learning to simplify and scale LCA estimations for IoT products. This paper introduces a novel approach to representing IoT devices as graphs with specific component characteristics and interconnections. Applied to a preliminary dataset of smart home IoT devices, the methodology unveils insights into structural similarities using a composite kernel approach. This initial phase lays the groundwork for the machine learning component. The integration of machine learning planned as part of ongoing research, provides a pathway for efficient and timely ecological assessments, ensuring that the rapid growth of IoT aligns with sustainable practices.
Climate change, a transnational issue, necessitates international collaboration for effective mitigation. Despite the progress achieved by the Paris Agreement of 2015, a significant milestone in global cooperation, its implementation remains a challenge for both the international community and individual countries. Because of the agreement's optional nature, there are significant differences in terms of the ambition and achievement levels among signatories. The European Union (EU) stands out because of its unique structure and common policies, yet there is a lack of empirical research into their impact on climate policy effectiveness. This paper aims to fill this gap by comparing the effectiveness of the implementation between EU and non-EU countries in terms of policy output, achieving climate targets and an economically sustainable transition. Quantitative regression models show no significant differences concerning policy output and the achievement of climate targets, while they demonstrate greater ambition and success in economically sustainable transition. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of effective climate policies, highlight the positive impact of EU leadership in this regard, and stress the importance of international cooperation.
In order to avoid carbon leakage, the EU decided to introduce the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism to put a fair price on embedded carbon emissions of products imported into the EU. Once the CBAM is operational, importing companies will have to declare the embedded emissions for their product and surrender the corresponding amount of CBAM certificates. Taiwan is an important trade partner of the EU, especially for electronic components, and also for base
metals like Iron & Steel or Aluminium. The industrial manufacturing for base metals yields high Scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions; additionally, power generation in Taiwan relies heavily on fossil fuels. This paper identifies the Iron & Steel product flows from Taiwan to the EU. It describes the CBAM
requirements and the potential impact on Taiwanese Iron & Steel exports, pointing out challenges and opportunities. It intends to support Taiwanese companies to prepare for CBAM rules both during the transition phase and once the system is fully active.
In its “Fit for 55” program, the European Union (EU) integrates several instruments with the goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2050. One of the cornerstones of the program is the EU Emissions Trading System (EU-ETS), which imposes a levy on CO2 and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, thus internalizing external costs, restoring fair competition, incentivizing sustainable investment and efficiently distributing the remaining greenhouse gas budget through a cost-effective, market-oriented mechanism. This carbon pricing scheme, however, only affects companies which emit GHGs within the EU. Imported products thereby achieve a cost advantage over products produced within the scope of the EU-ETS, leading to competitive pressure on EU-ETS companies and the risk that they might move production facilities outside the scope of the EU-ETS (“carbon leakage”). In order to avoid carbon leakage and encourage cleaner industrial production in partner countries, the EU decided to introduce the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) to put a fair price on carbon emissions from the manufacturing of products imported into the EU. The CBAM transitional phase will go into effect on October 1, 2023. Initially, it will only apply to selected industrial products and precursors whose production is particularly carbon intensive and which are deemed to have the highest potential risk of carbon leakage. Once the CBAM is fully active, all importing companies will have to declare the embedded emissions for their products and surrender the corresponding amount of CBAM certificates. It is to be expected that importing companies will strongly rely on their international suppliers to provide information on the embedded emissions. India is both an important trade partner of the EU and, because of its strong reliance on coal power plants, a heavy greenhouse gas emitter both in absolute and relative terms. Importers of products from India into the EU will therefore have to purchase a significant number of carbon allowances under the CBAM regulations. This paper explains the functional mechanism of the CBAM and identifies the product flows from India to the EU for the affected products. It describes the product groups, their importance for Indian companies as well as the future requirements, and is intended to support Indian companies that export to the European Union to prepare for the CBAM requirements both during the transition phase and once the system is fully active.
