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Infrastructure-making in interwar India was a dynamic, multilayered process involving roads and vehicles in urban and rural sites. One of their strongest playgrounds was Bombay Presidency and the Central Provinces in central and western India. Focusing on this region in the interwar period, this paper analyzes the varied relationship between peasant households and town-centred modernizing agents in the making of road transport infrastructures. The central argument of this paper is about the persistence of bullock carts over motor cars in the region. This persistence was grounded in the specific regional environment, the effects of the 1930s economic depression, and the priorities of social classes. Pinpointing these connections, the paper highlights that “modernization” of infrastructure was not a simple, linear process of progressivist change, nor did it mean the survival of apparently “old” technologies in the modern era. Instead, the paper pays attention to conflicting social complexities, implications, and meanings of the connection between infrastructure and modernity that modernization assumptions often overlook. Here, the paper shows how technological change occurred as a result of real, material class interests pulling infrastructural technology in different directions. This was where and why arguments of road-motor lobbyists and cart advocates eventually clashed, and Gandhian social workers resisted motor transport in defense of peasant interests.
This study aims to adapt CEFR in developing an integrative approach-based teaching material model for a pre-basic BISOL class. The method used in this research is the development research design by Borg and Gall. This study was development research. The stages are identification of the problem, formulation of a hypothetical draft model; feasibility testing by experts; product revision; and test product effectiveness. The data were collected through survey techniques, interviews, and documentation. The needs identification results revealed data encompassing 10 themes, 5 tasks per theme, and diverse evaluations comprising theory, in-class practice, and real-world field assignments, both on an individual and group basis. These identified needs require alignment with CEFR A1 for the development of BISOL learning. These findings were subsequently incorporated into the design of the teaching material model, and the results indicated that tailoring CEFR to BISOL as an integrative language teaching material model was feasible for application in the classroom, as assessed by experts. The implications suggest that integrating CEFR into BISOL is highly feasible for the development of teaching materials, and teachers can leverage this instructional model to enhance students' proficiency in the Indonesian language.
In this work, a storage study was conducted to find suitable packaging material for tomato powder storage. Experiments were laid out in a single factor completely randomized design (CRD) to study the effect of packaging materials on lycopene, vitamin C moisture content, and water activity of tomato powder; The factor (packaging materials) has three levels (low‐density polyethylene bag, polypropylene bottle, wrapped with aluminum foils, and packed in low‐density polyethylene bag) and is replicated three times. During the study, a twin layer solar tunnel dried tomato slices of var. Galilea was used. The dried tomato slices were then ground and packed (40 g each) in the packaging materials and stored at room temperature. Samples were drawn from the packages at 2‐month interval for quality analysis and SAS (version 9.2) software was used for statistical analysis. From the result, higher retention of lycopene (80.13%) and vitamin C (49.32%) and a nonsignificant increase in moisture content and water activity were observed for tomato powder packed in polypropylene bottles after 6 months of storage. For low‐density polyethylene packed samples and samples wrapped with aluminum foil and packed in a low‐density polyethylene bag, 57.06% and 60.45% lycopene retention and 42.9% and 49.23% Vitamin C retention were observed, respectively, after 6 months of storage. Considering the results found, it can be concluded that lycopene and vitamin C content of twin layer solar tunnel dried tomato powder can be preserved at ambient temperature storage by packing in a polypropylene bottle with a safe range of moisture content and water activity levels for 6 months.
The aim of this paper is to find out in how accommodation providers in the Seychelles perceive climate change and what mitigation and adaptation measures they can provide. In order to answer these questions, a qualitative mixed-method-approach, comprised of twenty semi-structured interviews, an online-survey and participant observation was used. Results show that accommodation providers especially perceive the effects of climate change that directly affect their business and that they have already partly implemented some mitigation and adaptation measures. However, strategies and regulations are needed at the Seychelles’ government level and on a global level to actually achieve CO2 neutral travel.
Nach heutigem Stand der Technik kommen für die Dekontamination von Störstellen wie z.B. Ecken und Innenkanten, weitestgehend Technik aus dem konventionellen Sanierungsbereich zum Einsatz. Maschinen wie Nadelpistolen und Stockgeräte belasten das Arbeitspersonal mit starken Vibrationen und hohen Rückstellkräften. Daher sind entsprechend lange Pausenzeiten erforderlich, wodurch die ohnehin schon geringe Abtragleistung weiter gesenkt wird. Neben dem zusätzlichen Mehraufwand kann die Technik, aufgrund fehlender Absaugungseinrichtungen, unter Umständen zu einer Kontaminationsverschleppung führen. Hierbei werden in bereits dekontaminierten Bereichen kontaminierte Partikel verteilt, wodurch die erzielten Bearbeitungsfortschritte teilweise rückgängig gemacht werden.
Aufgrund der Vielzahl von Nachteilen, die bei den bisher eingesetzten Geräten auftreten, wurde das Forschungsprojekt EKONT-1 zur „Entwicklung eines innovativen, teilautomatisierten Gerätes für eine trocken-mechanische Ecken-, Kanten- und Störstellendekontamination in kerntechnischen Anlagen“ angestoßen und durchgeführt. Im Rahmen dieses Projektes konnten viele neue Erkenntnisse gewonnen und mehrere funktionsfähige Prototypen entwickelt, gebaut und sowohl im Labor als auch im praktischen Einsatz getestet werden. Da im Laufe der Versuche noch einige Verbesserungspotenziale aufgetreten sind, wurde zum 01.07.23 das Folge Projekt EKONT-2 gestartet, was sich mit der Weiterentwicklung der existierenden Prototypen beschäftigt.
Der Wandel des Einzelhandels
(2023)
Die Ursachen der existentiellen Bedrohung vieler Einzelhandelsunternehmen sind nicht nur auf die Nachwirkungen der Coronapandemie und den Ukraine-Krieg mit der daraus resultierenden Inflation und Kaufzurückhaltung zurückzuführen. Auch die Digitalisierung und die wachsende Onlinekonkurrenz sowie ein verändertes Einkaufs- und Konsumverhalten der Kund:innen setzt den Einzelhandel unter Druck. Dabei scheint besonders die junge Generation Z, die mit dem Internet, sozialen Medien und digitalen Anwendungen aufgewachsen ist, nicht mehr den traditionellen Konsummustern zu entsprechen, und erwartet eine Ausrichtung des Einzelhandels an ihre Bedürfnisse. Doch wie ticken junge Konsument:innen und wie unterscheiden sich ihre Erwartungen an den Handel von älteren Generationen? Im Beitrag werden Antworten auf diese Fragen gegeben.