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Sustainable technologies are being increasingly used in various areas of human life. While they have a multitude of benefits, they are especially useful in health monitoring, especially for certain groups of people, such as the elderly. However, there are still several issues that need to be addressed before its use becomes widespread. This work aims to clarify the aspects that are of great importance for increasing the acceptance of the use of this type of technology in the elderly. In addition, we aim to clarify whether the technologies that are already available are able to ensure acceptable accuracy and whether they could replace some of the manual approaches that are currently being used. A two-week study with people 65 years of age and over was conducted to address the questions posed here, and the results were evaluated. It was demonstrated that simplicity of use and automatic functioning play a crucial role. It was also concluded that technology cannot yet completely replace traditional methods such as questionnaires in some areas. Although the technologies that were tested were classified as being “easy to use”, the elderly population in the current study indicated that they were not sure that they would use these technologies regularly in the long term because the added value is not always clear, among other issues. Therefore, awareness-raising must take place in parallel with the development of technologies and services.
The present work proposes the use of modern ICT technologies such as smartphones, NFCs, internet, and web technologies, to help patients in carrying out their therapies. The implemented system provides a calendar with a reminder of the assumptions, ensures the drug identification through NFC, allows remote assistance from healthcare staff and family members to check and manage the therapy in real-time. The system also provides centralized information on the patient's therapeutic situation, helpful in choosing new compatible therapies.
The last decades have shown that the volume of tourism, in general, is constantly increasing (with some justified exceptions). To offer a possibility of travel for all groups of people, it is necessary to pay attention to accessibility. One of the possibilities for increasing accessibility is digital technologies, which could assist in planning and the implementation and completion of trips. To make a selection of technologies, first, a study of barriers was conducted, which was then analyzed, and finally, some technologies were made available in a test setup. A focus on two technologies was made: 360°-Tours and mobile app with the travel information. The two technologies were implemented and presented to the test subjects.
The evaluation results showed that both technologies could increase accessibility if some essential aspects (such as usability, completeness, relevance, etc.) are considered during the implementation.
The development of home health systems can provide continuous and user-friendly monitoring of key health parameters. This project aims to create a concept for such a system, implement it on a test basis, and evaluate it. Three health areas were selected for this purpose:
Sleep, Stress, and Rehabilitation. Appropriate devices were installed in the homes of test subjects and used by them for two weeks. Besides, relevant questionnaires were completed to obtain a complete picture. Finally, the implemented system was evaluated, and the results of the conducted study showed that home health systems have great potential. However, it is necessary to consider some points to increase the usability of the system and the motivation of the users. Among others, ease of use of the equipment is of extreme importance.
Health monitoring in a home environment can have broader use since it may provide continuous control of health parameters with relatively minor intrusiveness into regular life. This work aims to verify if it is possible to replace the typical in some sleep medicine areas subjective questioning by an objective measurement using electronic devices. For this purpose, a study was conducted with ten subjects, in which objective and subjective measurement of relevant sleep parameters took place. The results of both measurement methods were evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that while for some measures, such as Total Time in Bed, there is a high agreement between objective and subjective measurements, for others, such as sleep quality, there are significant differences. For this reason, currently, a combination of both measurement methods may be beneficial and provide the most detailed results, while a partial replacement can already reduce the number of questions at the subjective measurement by measurement through electronic devices.
Introduction. Despite its high accuracy, polysomnography (PSG) has several drawbacks for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Consequently, multiple portable monitors (PMs) have been proposed. Objective. This systematic review aims to investigate the current literature to analyze the sets of physiological parameters captured by a PM to select the minimum number of such physiological signals while maintaining accurate results in OSA detection. Methods. Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the selection of publications were established prior to the search. The evaluation of the publications was made based on one central question and several specific questions. Results. The abilities to detect hypopneas, sleep time, or awakenings were some of the features studied to investigate the full functionality of the PMs to select the most relevant set of physiological signals. Based on the physiological parameters collected (one to six), the PMs were classified into sets according to the level of evidence. The advantages and the disadvantages of each possible set of signals were explained by answering the research questions proposed in the methods. Conclusions. The minimum number of physiological signals detected by PMs for the detection of OSA depends mainly on the purpose and context of the sleep study. The set of three physiological signals showed the best results in the detection of OSA.
Im Zuge zunehmender Effizienzbestrebungen in produzierenden Unternehmen spielt auch die Optimierung von indirekten Wertschöpfungsprozessen eine immer größere Rolle. Neben einer ansteigenden Aufgabenvielfalt stellt ein parallel wachsender Kostendruck eine doppelte Herausforderung dar. Dies gilt insbesondere für Einkaufsbereiche entsprechender Organisationen, welche an der Schnittstelle zwischen der unternehmensinternen und -externen Wertschöpfungskette operieren und an dieser einen essenziellen Beitrag auch im Sinne des Informationsflusses zur Unterstützung eines integrierten Supply Chain Managements darstellen. Um diesen zu begegnen, ist es notwendig, die relevanten Kernprozesse der Einkaufsbereiche stetig im Blick zu halten und Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten zu identifizieren und umzusetzen. Dieser Beitrag will zu einem Überblick für die Prozessoptimierung mithilfe des Einsatzes digitaler Technologien speziell in Einkaufsbereichen beitragen. Es werden die Spezifika des Einkaufs vorgestellt, relevante Kernaufgaben beschrieben und exemplarisch technologische Ansätze zur Prozessoptimierung anhand von Process Mining, Robotic Process Automation und künstlicher Intelligenz aufgezeigt.
Das produzierende Gewerbe in Deutschland erlebt aufgrund von Technologiewandel im Automobilbau, der Anpassung von Lieferketten und der digitalen Transformation grundlegende Veränderungen. Diese als Chance für künftiges Wachstum zu begreifen ist essenziell und eine zwingende Voraussetzung für den Wirtschaftsstandort Deutschland. Anhand eines konkreten Unternehmensbeispiels werden hierfür zentrale Aspekte für Transformation eines mittelständischen produzierenden Blechbearbeitungsunternehmens hin zu einem netzwerkbasierten Geschäftsmodell betrachtet. Auf Basis der Analyse von Referenzbeispielen webbasierter Vertriebsplattformen in der Blechbearbeitung werden erfolgsrelevante Aspekte für die Ausgestaltung und die Umsetzung für ein Onlineplattformmodell beschrieben. Hierbei wird exemplarisch dargelegt, wie mittels digitaler Vertriebsplattformen in Verbindung mit digitalen Auftragsmanagementprozessen neue Wege für Wachstum ermöglicht werden können.