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An inter- and transdisciplinary concept has been developed, focusing on the scaling of industrial circular construction using innovative compacted mineral mixtures (CMM) derived from various soil types (sand, silt, clay) and recycled mineral waste. The concept aims to accelerate the systemic transformation of the construction industry towards carbon neutrality by promoting the large-scale adoption and automation of CMM-based construction materials, which incorporate natural mineral components and recycled aggregates or industrial by-products. In close collaboration with international and domestic stakeholders in the construction sector, the concept explores the integration of various CMM-based construction methods for producing wall elements in conventional building construction. Leveraging a digital urban mining platform, the concept aims to standardize the production process and enable mass-scale production. The ultimate goal is to fully harness the potential of automated CMM-based wall elements as a fast, competitive, emission-free, and recyclable alternative to traditional masonry and concrete construction techniques. To achieve this objective, the concept draws upon the latest advances in soil mechanics, rheology, and automation and incorporates open-source digital platform technologies to enhance data accessibility, processing, and knowledge acquisition. This will bolster confidence in CMM-based technologies and facilitate their widespread adoption. The extraordinary transfer potential of this approach necessitates both basic and applied research. As such, the proposed transformative, inter- and transdisciplinary concept will be conducted and synthesized using a comprehensive, holistic, and transfer-oriented methodology.
Digital federated platforms and data cooperatives for secure, trusted and sovereign data exchange will play a central role in the construction industry of the future. With the help of platforms, cooperatives and their novel value creation, the digital transformation and the degree of organization of the construction value chain can be taken to a new level of collaboration. The goal of this research project was to develop an experimental prototype for a federated innovation data platform along with a suitable exemplary use case. The prototype is to serve the construction industry as a demonstrator for further developments and form the basis for an innovation platform. It exemplifies how an overall concept is concretely implemented along one or more use cases that address high-priority industry pain points. This concept will create a blueprint and a framework for further developments, which will then be further established in the market. The research project illuminates the perspective of various governance innovations to increase industry collaboration, productivity and capital project performance and transparency as well as the overall potential of possible platform business models. However, a comprehensive expert survey revealed that there are considerable obstacles to trust-based data exchange between the key stakeholders in the industry value network. The obstacles to cooperation are predominantly not of a technical nature but rather of a competitive, predominantly trust-related nature. To overcome these obstacles and create a pre-competitive space of trust, the authors therefore propose the governance structure of a data cooperative model, which is discussed in detail in this paper.
The digital transformation of business processes and the integration of IT systems leads to opportunities and risks for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Risks that can result in a lack of IT Governance, Risk and Compliance (GRC). The purpose of this paper is to present the Design and Evaluation phase of creating an artefact, to reduce these risks. With this, the Design Science Research approach based on Hevner is using. The artefact will be developed by selecting relevant existing frameworks and the identification of SME-specific competencies. The method enables IT-GRC managers to transfer or adapt the frameworks to an SME organizational structure. The results from ten interviews and further three feedback loops showed that the method can be applied in practice and that a tailoring of established frameworks can take place. Contrary to the previous basic orientation of the research, this paper focuses on the concretization of approaches.
IT-Compliance in KMU
(2023)
Die digitale Transformation von Geschäftsprozessen und die stärkere Integration von IT-Systemen führen zu Chancen und Risiken für kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMU). Risiken, die zu fehlender IT-Governance, Risk und Compliance (GRC) führen können. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, die Design- und Evaluierungsphase der Erstellung eines Artefakts darzustellen. Dabei wird der Design Science Research Ansatz nach Hevner verwendet. Das Artefakt wird für die Auswahl von Standards entwickelt, indem KMU-relevante Ausprägungen und bestehende Rahmenwerke auf die definierten Kriterien angepasst werden.
In this work, a storage study was conducted to find suitable packaging material for tomato powder storage. Experiments were laid out in a single factor completely randomized design (CRD) to study the effect of packaging materials on lycopene, vitamin C moisture content, and water activity of tomato powder; The factor (packaging materials) has three levels (low‐density polyethylene bag, polypropylene bottle, wrapped with aluminum foils, and packed in low‐density polyethylene bag) and is replicated three times. During the study, a twin layer solar tunnel dried tomato slices of var. Galilea was used. The dried tomato slices were then ground and packed (40 g each) in the packaging materials and stored at room temperature. Samples were drawn from the packages at 2‐month interval for quality analysis and SAS (version 9.2) software was used for statistical analysis. From the result, higher retention of lycopene (80.13%) and vitamin C (49.32%) and a nonsignificant increase in moisture content and water activity were observed for tomato powder packed in polypropylene bottles after 6 months of storage. For low‐density polyethylene packed samples and samples wrapped with aluminum foil and packed in a low‐density polyethylene bag, 57.06% and 60.45% lycopene retention and 42.9% and 49.23% Vitamin C retention were observed, respectively, after 6 months of storage. Considering the results found, it can be concluded that lycopene and vitamin C content of twin layer solar tunnel dried tomato powder can be preserved at ambient temperature storage by packing in a polypropylene bottle with a safe range of moisture content and water activity levels for 6 months.
This study aims to investigate the utilization of Bayesian techniques for the calibration of micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) accelerometers. These devices have garnered substantial interest in various practical applications and typically require calibration through error-correcting functions. The parameters of these error-correcting functions are determined during a calibration process. However, due to various sources of noise, these parameters cannot be determined with precision, making it desirable to incorporate uncertainty in the calibration models. Bayesian modeling offers a natural and complete way of reflecting uncertainty by treating the model parameters as variables rather than fixed values. In addition, Bayesian modeling enables the incorporation of prior knowledge, making it an ideal choice for calibration. Nevertheless, it is infrequently used in sensor calibration. This study introduces Bayesian methods for the calibration of MEMS accelerometer data in a straightforward manner using recent advances in probabilistic programming.
Dieser Beitrag untersucht, ob externe Interventionen, in Form von Forschung und/oder Wissenschaftskommunikation, als Mediator für Innovationen in Krisenzeiten in der Tourismusbranche fungieren können. Dabei wird anhand dreier Case Studies diskutiert, inwiefern die Corona-Krise ein Window-
of-opportunity für innovative Geschäftsmodelle im Tourismus darstellen konnte. Die Projektergebnisse geben Hinweise darauf, dass Krisen im Allgemeinen und Wissenschaftskommunikation im Speziellen als Push-Faktoren Innovationen befördern können. Zwar kam es bei den Projektpartnern zu einer Entwicklung von Innovationen im Projektzeitraum, jedoch wurde die Implementierung vermehrt in eine unbestimmte Zukunft verschoben. Durch die damit verbundene Rückkehr zum Status-Quo blieben die angestoßenen Innovationen zu einem Großteil auf einer konzeptionellen Ebene. Dies deutet auf eine Attitude-behavior-gap in Bezug auf die Schaffung und Umsetzung von Innovationen in Krisenzeiten.
"KI first" braucht Verlierer
(2023)
Aktuell vergeht kaum eine Woche, in der nicht ein Unternehmen den Kampf um die Vorherrschaft im Bereich der Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) aufnimmt. Tech-Konzerne versprechen sich auch von KI-gesteuerten Bildgeneratoren satte Gewinne. Diese ahmen mit synthetischen Mischbildern stilprägende Künstler/innen nach. Dabei wird auf die Rechtslage verwiesen, die eine zustimmungs- und vergütungsfreie Vervielfältigung ihrer Kunstwerke für Trainingszwecke angeblich zulässt. Doch Widerstand von Künstlern/innen hiergegen ist gesellschaftlich dringend geboten und wäre im Übrigen auch rechtlich gedeckt.
Online-Reisebewertungsplattformen sind der Treffpunkt für Touristen, um ihre Erlebnisse zu teilen und einander zu beeinflussen. Die Untersuchung des Besuchererlebnisses beim Besuch eines Museums kann sich positiv auf die Museumsentwicklung auswirken. In dieser Arbeit wurde eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse verwendet, um die positiven und negativen Aspekte von Museumsbesuchen im indonesischen Nationalmuseum zu untersuchen. Durch die Datenanalyse von 420 TripAdvisor-Bewertungen des Nationalmuseums wurden die Aspekte ermittelt, die zur Zufriedenheit oder Unzufriedenheit der Besucher beitragen. Dadurch werden Museumsfachleute in die Lage versetzt, Museumsbesuche weiterzuentwickeln und zu verbessern.
Das Ergebnis dieser Studie zeigt, dass es 12 wichtige Themen gibt, die direkt mit der Erlebniswelt der Besucher im Museum verbunden sind, nämlich Ausstellungsdesign, Museumsidentität, First-hand Experience, Zugänglichkeit, Dienstleistungsumfeld, Architektur, Orientierung und Beschilderung, Annehmlichkeiten, Führungen, Wartungsarbeiten, Geschenkladen und Café, Mitarbeiter. Zu den positiven Aspekten der 12 Themen gehören die umfassenden Sammlungen, die Ausstellungsgestaltung, die Möglichkeit, Neues zu lernen, die günstigen Eintrittspreise, die strategische Lage des Museums, die informativen Museumsführer und die Dienstleistungen für eine Vielzahl von Museumsbesuchern. Bei den negativen Aspekten des Museums konzentrierten sich die Klagen der Besucher im Allgemeinen auf den Mangel an Interaktivität, Beschreibung, Kontext und Beleuchtung der Exponate. Darüber hinaus beklagten sich die Besucher über die Überfüllung an den Wochenenden, die ungepflegten Toiletten, das Verhalten des Personals und die Renovierungsarbeiten, die während der Öffnungszeiten des Museums durchgeführt wurden. Zur Verbesserung der Besuchsqualität sollte das Museum die Interaktivität und die Pflege der Sammlungen intensivieren, eine bessere Beleuchtung installieren, ausführliche Informationen über die Exponate bereitstellen, den Kundenservice und Mitarbeiterschulungen verbessern, Führungen für Kinder anbieten und einen offiziellen Museumsladen eröffnen.
Strategic renewal and the development of new types of innovation pose special challenges to established small and medium-sized companies. The paper at hand aims at answering the questions what the underlying mechanism of these challenges are and which approaches might help to properly counteracting them. This case study investigates the strategic renewal process and its corresponding interventions in a high-tech SME company during a four-year period. We analyse the findings in relation to existing frameworks for dynamic capabilities and strategic learning and provide new recommendations for practice and future research.
Times of high dynamic and growing new knowledge demand for entrepreneurial education and university engagement. Higher education institutions (HEIs) have established intensive knowledge and resources about entrepreneurial education and relating activities and formats over the last years. As smaller companies (SMEs) are increasingly experimenting with entrepreneurship, they seem to struggle with setting up entrepreneurial activities within their established corporate strategy and innovation structures. It is beneficial for them to collaborate with higher education institutions to minimize the risk and uncertainty associated with implementing entrepreneurship education (EE) and catch up with larger corporates. Further, research lacks a systematic characterization of EE activities in those companies and classification of collaboration formats. Therefore, this study uses qualitative research methods to analyze data from interviews conducted with two German SMEs. Our study contributes to a better understanding of EE in SME and respective HEI collaborations by (1) characterizing EE in SME and SME-HEI collaboration based on attributes and collaboration types defined by their locus of collaboration and intensity of knowledge inflow and (2) identifying differences among EE in SME and HEI. We provide implications to practice—corporate and university EE initiatives—for a more effective design and implementation of EE in SMEs and the SME-HEI collaborations themselves.
Praktische Rhetorik
(2023)
Accurate monitoring of a patient's heart rate is a key element in the medical observation and health monitoring. In particular, its importance extends to the identification of sleep-related disorders. Various methods have been established that involve sensor-based recording of physiological signals followed by automated examination and analysis. This study attempts to evaluate the efficacy of a non-invasive HR monitoring framework based on an accelerometer sensor specifically during sleep. To achieve this goal, the motion induced by thoracic movements during cardiac contractions is captured by a device installed under the mattress. Signal filtering techniques and heart rate estimation using the symlets6 wavelet are part of the implemented computational framework described in this article. Subsequent analysis indicates the potential applicability of this system in the prognostic domain, with an average error margin of approximately 3 beats per minute. The results obtained represent a promising advancement in non-invasive heart rate monitoring during sleep, with potential implications for improved diagnosis and management of cardiovascular and sleep-related disorders.